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In this note we give arguments in favor of the statement that the contribution of the box diagram calculated for electron muon elastic scattering can be considered an upper limit to electron proton scattering. As an exact QED calculation…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-18 E. A. Kuraev , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson

Significant discrepancies have been observed between proton form factors as measured by Rosenbluth separation and polarization transfer techniques. There are indications that this difference may be caused by corrections to the one photon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Arrington

Current status of the two-boson exchange contributions to elastic electron-proton scattering, both for parity conserving and parity-violating, is briefly reviewed. How the discrepancy in the extraction of elastic nucleon form factors…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 Shin Nan Yang

We report on a new measurement of the beam transverse single spin asymmetry in electron-proton elastic scattering, $A^{ep}_{\perp}$, at five beam energies from 315.1 MeV to 1508.4 MeV and at a scattering angle of $30^{\circ} < \theta <…

We reanalyze the most recent data on elastic electron proton scattering. We look for a deviation from linearity of the Rosenbluth fit to the differential cross section, which would be the signature of the presence of two photon exchange.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Tomasi-Gustafsson , G. I. Gakh

We compute the two photon exchange contributions to elastic scattering of polarized electrons from target protons. We use a nonlocal field theory formalism for this calculation. The formalism maintains gauge invariance and provides a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-12-18 Pankaj Jain , Satish D. Joglekar , Subhadip Mitra

We derive from first principles, as the C-invariance of the electromagnetic interaction and the crossing symmetry, the general properties of two-photon exchange in electron-proton elastic scattering. We show that the presence of this…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Michail P. Rekalo , Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson

We construct a nonlocal gauge invariant Lagrangian to model the electromagnetic interaction of proton. The Lagrangian includes all allowed operators with dimension up to five. We compute the two photon exchange contribution to elastic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Pankaj Jain , Satish D. Joglekar , Subhadip Mitra

We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q$^2$) up to 15.75~\gevsq. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-03-24 M. E. Christy , T. Gautam , L. Ou , B. Schmookler , Y. Wang , D. Adikaram , Z. Ahmed , H. Albataineh , S. F. Ali , B. Aljawrneh , K. Allada , S. L. Allison , S. Alsalmi , D. Androic , K. Aniol , J. Annand , J. Arrington , H. Atac , T. Averett , C. Ayerbe Gayoso , X. Bai , J. Bane , S. Barcus , K. Bartlett , V. Bellini , R. Beminiwattha , J. Bericic , H. Bhatt , D. Bhetuwal , D. Biswas , E. Brash , D. Bulumulla , C. M. Camacho , J. Campbell , A. Camsonne , M. Carmignotto , J. Castellanos , C. Chen , J-P. Chen , T. Chetry , E. Cisbani , B. Clary , E. Cohen , N. Compton , J. C. Cornejo , S. Covrig Dusa , B. Crowe , S. Danagoulian , T. Danley , W. Deconinck , M. Defurne , C. Desnault , D. Di , M. Dlamini , M. Duer , B. Duran , R. Ent , C. Fanelli , E. Fuchey , C. Gal , D. Gaskell , F. Georges , S. Gilad , O. Glamazdin , K. Gnanvo , A. V. Gramolin , V. M. Gray , C. Gu , A. Habarakada , T. Hague , G. Hamad , D. Hamilton , K. Hamilton , O. Hansen , F. Hauenstein , A. V. Hernandez , W. Henry , D. W. Higinbotham , T. Holmstrom , T. Horn , Y. Huang , G. M. Huber , C. Hyde , H. Ibrahim , N. Israel , C-M. Jen , K. Jin , M. Jones , A. Kabir , B. Karki , C. Keppel , V. Khachatryan , P. M. King , S. Li , W. Li , H. Liu , J. Liu , A. H. Liyanage , D. Mack , J. Magee , S. Malace , J. Mammei , P. Markowitz , S. Mayilyan , E. McClellan , F. Meddi , D. Meekins , K. Mesick , R. Michaels , A. Mkrtchyan , B. Moffit , R. Montgomery , L. S. Myers , P. Nadel-Turonski , S. J. Nazeer , V. Nelyubin , D. Nguyen , N. Nuruzzaman , M. Nycz , R. F. Obrecht , K. Ohanyan , C. Palatchi , B. Pandey , K. Park , S. Park , C. Peng , F. D. Persio , R. Pomatsalyuk , E. Pooser , A. J. R. Puckett , V. Punjabi , B. Quinn , S. Rahman , M. N. H. Rashad , S. Riordan , J. Roche , I. Sapkota , A. Sarty , B. Sawatzky , N. H. Saylor , M. H. Shabestari , A. Shahinyan , S. Sirca , G. R. Smith , S. Sooriyaarachchilage , N. Sparveris , R. Spies , A. Stefanko , T. Su , A. Subedi , V. Sulkosky , A. Sun , Y. Tan , L. Thorne , N. Ton , F. Tortorici , R. Trotta , R. Uniyal , G. M. Urciuoli , E. Voutier , B. Waidyawansa , B. Wojtsekhowski , S. Wood , X. Yan , L. Ye , Z. H. Ye , C. Yero , J. Zhang , Y. X. Zhao , P. Zhu

Two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions to elastic electron-proton scattering in the forward regime and in leading log $\sim t\ln|t|$ approximation in the momentum transfer $|t|$ are considered. The imaginary part of TPE amplitude in these…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-12-03 Mikhail Gorchtein

It is suggested that proton elastic scattering on atomic electrons allows a precise measurement of the proton charge radius. Very small values of transferred momenta (up to four order of magnitude smaller than the ones presently available)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 G. I. Gakh , A. Dbeyssi , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson , D. Marchand , V. V. Bytev

We consider the role of the two-photon corrections to the small angle $\mu p$ and $ep$ elastic scattering and the expected $\sigma(\mu^- p)/\sigma(\mu^+ p)$ ratio.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-07-19 M. G. Ryskin

We use the world's data on elastic electron--proton scattering and calculations of two-photon exchange effects to extract corrected values of the proton's electric and magnetic form factors over the full Q^2 range of the existing data. Our…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Arrington , W. Melnitchouk , J. A. Tjon

We use a recently developed dispersive approach to compute the two-photon exchange (TPE) correction to elastic electron-proton scattering, including contributions from hadronic $J^P=1/2^\pm$ and $3/2^\pm$ resonant intermediate states…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-11-04 Jaseer Ahmed , P. G. Blunden , W. Melnitchouk

A detailed study of two-photon exchange in unpolarized and polarized elastic electron--nucleon scattering is presented, taking particular account of nucleon finite size effects. Contributions from nucleon elastic intermediate states are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 P. G. Blunden , W. Melnitchouk , J. A. Tjon

Structure functions and polarization observables in elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electron on polarized deuteron are considered within approximation of one-photon + two-photon exchange. It is shown that contribution of…

The proton elastic form factor ratio is accessible in unpolarized Rosenbluth-type experiments as well as experiments which make use of polarization degrees of freedom. The extracted values show a distinct discrepancy, growing with $Q^2$.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2018-08-15 Jan C. Bernauer

We evaluate the pion-nucleon intermediate-state contribution to the two-photon exchange (TPE) correction in the elastic electron-nucleon scattering within a dispersive framework. We calculate the contribution from all $\pi N$ partial waves…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-05-10 O. Tomalak , B. Pasquini , M. Vanderhaeghen

The problem of electron-proton scattering is handed over both the elastic and inelastic scattering. Two models are presented in this sense. The first, depends on the multi photon exchange ladder diagram, where the transition matrix is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. T. Hussein , R. Elmualed , N. M. Hassan

[Background] The electromagnetic form factors of the proton measured by unpolarized and polarized electron scattering experiments show a significant disagreement that grows with the squared four momentum transfer ($Q^{2}$). Calculations…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-06-20 D. Rimal , D. Adikaram , B. A. Raue , L. B. Weinstein , J. Arrington , W. K. Brooks , M. Ungaro , K. P. Adhikari , Z. Akbar , S. Anefalos Pereira , R. A. Badui , J. Ball , N. A. Baltzell , M. Battaglieri , V. Batourine , I. Bedlinskiy , R. P. Bennett , A. S. Biselli , S. Boiarinov , W. J. Briscoe , S. Bültmann , D. S. Carman , A. Celentano , T. Chetry , G. Ciullo , L. Clark , L. Colaneri , P. L. Cole , N. Compton , M. Contalbrigo , O. Cortes , V. Crede , A. D'Angelo , N. Dashyan , R. De Vita , A. Deur , C. Djalali , R. Dupre , H. Egiyan , A. El Alaoui , L. El Fassi , P. Eugenio , G. Fedotov , R. Fersch , A. Filippi , J. A. Fleming , T. A. Forest , A. Fradi , N. Gevorgyan , Y. Ghandilyan , G. P. Gilfoyle , K. L. Giovanetti , F. X. Girod , C. Gleason , W. Gohn , E. Golovatch , R. W. Gothe , K. A. Griffioen , L. Guo , K. Hafidi , C. Hanretty , N. Harrison , M. Hattawy , D. Heddle , K. Hicks , M. Holtrop , S. M. Hughes , Y. Ilieva , D. G. Ireland , B. S. Ishkhanov , E. L. Isupov , D. Jenkins , H. Jiang , S. Joosten , D. Keller , P. Khetarpal , G. Khachatryan , M. Khandaker , W. Kim , A. Klein , F. J. Klein , V. Kubarovsky , S. E. Kuhn , S. V. Kuleshov , L. Lanza , P. Lenisa , K. Livingston , H. Y. Lu , I . J . D. MacGregor , N. Markov , B. McKinnon , M. D. Mestayer , M. Mirazita , V. Mokeev , A Movsisyan , E. Munevar , C. Munoz Camacho , P. Nadel-Turonski , A. Ni , S. Niccolai , G. Niculescu , I. Niculescu , M. Osipenko , A. I. Ostrovidov , M. Paolone , R. Paremuzyan , K. Park , E. Pasyuk , W. Phelps , S. Pisano , O. Pogorelko , J. W. Price , Y. Prok , D. Protopopescu , A. J. R. Puckett , A. Rizzo , G. Rosner , P. Rossi , P. Roy , F. Sabatié , C. Salgado , R. A. Schumacher , E. Seder , Y. G. Sharabian , Iu. Skorodumina , G. D. Smith , D. Sokhan , N. Sparveris , Ivana Stankovic , S. Stepanyan , S. Strauch , V. Sytnik , M. Taiuti , B. Torayev , H. Voskanyan , E. Voutier , N. K. Walford , D. P. Watts , X. Wei , M. H. Wood , N. Zachariou , L. Zana , J. Zhang , Z. W. Zhao , I. Zonta