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Sub/Near-threshold static random-access memory (SRAM) design is crucial for addressing the memory bottleneck in energy-constrained applications. However, the high integration density and reliability under process variations demand an…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Shan Shen , Peng Cao , Ming Ling , Longxing Shi

Neural cache language models (LMs) extend the idea of regular cache language models by making the cache probability dependent on the similarity between the current context and the context of the words in the cache. We make an extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Lyan Verwimp , Joris Pelemans , Hugo Van hamme , Patrick Wambacq

The use of Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) for storing Machine Learning (ML) models plays a critical role in accelerating ML inference tasks in the next generation of communication systems. However, periodic refreshment of DRAM results…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Junya Shiraishi , Shashi Raj Pandey , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Petar Popovski

While linear attention architectures offer efficient inference, compressing unbounded history into a fixed-size memory inherently limits expressivity and causes information loss. To address this limitation, we introduce Random Access Memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Kaicheng Xiao , Haotian Li , Liran Dong , Guoliang Xing

Existing memory reclamation policies on mobile devices may be no longer valid because they have negative effects on the response time of running applications. In this paper, we propose SWAM, a new integrated memory management technique that…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Geunsik Lim , Donghyun Kang , MyungJoo Ham , Young Ik Eom

RISC-V cores have gained a lot of popularity over the last few years. However, being quite a recent and novel technology, there is still a gap in the availability of comprehensive simulation frameworks for RISC-V that cover both the…

The growing computational demands of machine learning (ML) workloads have driven the design of ML accelerators aiming at an optimal tradeoff between efficiency and flexibility. A widely explored architecture for flexible ML accelerators is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Luca Colagrande , Lorenzo Leone , Maximilian Coco , Andrei Deaconeasa , Luca Benini

Working memory (WM) is limited in its temporal length and capacity. Classic conceptions of WM capacity assume the system possesses a finite number of slots, but recent evidence suggests WM may be a continuous resource. Resource models…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-13 Nikhil Krishnan , Daniel B Poll , Zachary P Kilpatrick

Most algorithms designed for shared-memory distributed systems assume the single-writer multi-reader (SWMR) setting where each process is provided with a unique register readable by all. In a system where computation is performed by a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Damien Imbs , Petr Kuznetsov , Thibault Rieutord

Microprocessor design, debug, and validation research and development are increasingly based on modeling and simulation at different abstraction layers. Microarchitecture-level simulators have become the most commonly used tools for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Odysseas Chatzopoulos , George-Marios Fragkoulis , George Papadimitriou , Dimitris Gizopoulos

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) play a key role in deep learning applications. However, the large storage overheads and the substantial computation cost of CNNs are problematic in hardware accelerators. Computing-in-memory (CIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Syuan-Hao Sie , Jye-Luen Lee , Yi-Ren Chen , Chih-Cheng Lu , Chih-Cheng Hsieh , Meng-Fan Chang , Kea-Tiong Tang

Effective prompt engineering remains a challenging task for many applications. We introduce Weak-to-Strong Transfer (WST), an automatic prompt engineering framework where a small "Teacher" model generates instructions that enhance the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Haosen Ge , Shuo Li , Lianghuan Huang

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are currently driven by a significant upscaling of their complexity, with massive matrix-multiplication workloads representing the major computational bottleneck. In-memory computing (IMC) architectures…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shady Agwa , Yihan Pan , Georgios Papandroulidakis , Themis Prodromakis

Traditional von Neumann architecture based processors become inefficient in terms of energy and throughput as they involve separate processing and memory units, also known as~\textit{memory wall}. The memory wall problem is further…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-20 Abhash Kumar , Jawar Singh , Sai Manohar Beeraka , Bharat Gupta

Compute-in-memory (CIM) accelerators for spiking neural networks (SNNs) are promising solutions to enable $\mu$s-level inference latency and ultra-low energy in edge vision applications. Yet, their current lack of flexibility at both the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Nicolas Chauvaux , Adrian Kneip , Christoph Posch , Kofi Makinwa , Charlotte Frenkel

We propose a self-organizing memory architecture for perceptual experience, capable of supporting autonomous learning and goal-directed problem solving in the absence of any prior information about the agent's environment. The architecture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Dan P. Guralnik , Daniel E. Koditschek

In this paper, we develop an in-memory analog computing (IMAC) architecture realizing both synaptic behavior and activation functions within non-volatile memory arrays. Spin-orbit torque magnetoresistive random-access memory (SOT-MRAM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Mohammed Elbtity , Abhishek Singh , Brendan Reidy , Xiaochen Guo , Ramtin Zand

Extending the success of deep neural networks to natural language understanding and symbolic reasoning requires complex operations and external memory. Recent neural program induction approaches have attempted to address this problem, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Chen Liang , Jonathan Berant , Quoc Le , Kenneth D. Forbus , Ni Lao

Many modern workloads such as neural network inference and graph processing are fundamentally memory-bound. For such workloads, data movement between memory and CPU cores imposes a significant overhead in terms of both latency and energy. A…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Ivan Fernandez , Christina Giannoula , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Onur Mutlu

Due to its perceptual limitations, an agent may have too little information about the state of the environment to act optimally. In such cases, it is important to keep track of the observation history to uncover hidden state. Recent deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Miguel Suau , Jinke He , Elena Congeduti , Rolf A. N. Starre , Aleksander Czechowski , Frans A. Oliehoek