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In his $1994$ survey, Kleinert defined formally and formulated the problem to obtain unit theorems for unit groups of orders in a semisimple algebra $A$. If $A$ is a group algebra $FG$, it boils down to classifying all finite groups $G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Geoffrey Janssens

Given a finite field, one can form a directed graph using the field elements as vertices and connecting two vertices if their difference lies in a fixed subgroup of the multiplicative group. If -1 is contained in this fixed subgroup, then…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-26 Csaba Schneider , Ana Silva

The clique vector $\mathfrak{c}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the sequence $(c_1, c_2, \ldots,c_d)$ in $\mathbb{N}^d$, where $c_i$ is the number of cliques in $G$ with $i$ vertices and $d$ is the largest cardinality of a clique in $G$. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-30 Afshin Goodarzi

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. The involutory Cayley graph $\mathcal{G}(R)$ of $R$ is defined as the graph whose vertex set is the set of elements of $R$, where two vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent exactly when $(a-b)^2=1$.…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Hamide Keshavarzi , Afshin Amini , Babak Amini

We study when the adjacency matrix of a Cayley graph factors as the product of two adjacency matrices of Cayley graphs. Let $G$ be a finite group and let $U\subseteq G\setminus \{e\}$ be symmetric. Writing $A(G;U)$ for the adjacency matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Allen W. Herman , Bobby Miraftab

The simplex graph $S(G)$ of a graph $G$ is defined as the graph whose vertices are the cliques of $G$ (including the empty set), with two vertices being adjacent if, as cliques of $G$, they differ in exactly one vertex. Simplex graphs form…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Yan-Ting Xie , Shou-Jun Xu

Counts of small subgraphs, or graphlet counts, are widely applicable to measure graph similarity. Computing graphlet counts can be computationally expensive and may pose obstacles in network analysis. We study the role of cliques in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Anthony Bonato , Zhiyuan Zhang

To any simple graph $G$, the clique graph operator $K$ associates the graph $K(G)$ which is the intersection graph of the maximal complete subgraphs of $G$. The iterated clique graphs are defined by $K^{0}(G)=G$ and $K^{n}(G)=K(K^{n-1}(G))$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-20 Rafael Villarroel-Flores

The prime coprime graph $\Theta(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is $G$ and any two distinct vertices are adjacent if the greatest common divisor of their orders is either $1$ or a prime. In this paper, we investigate…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Ravi Ranjan , Shubh N. Singh

Consider the random Cayley graph of a finite group $G$ with respect to $k$ generators chosen uniformly at random, with $1 \ll k \lesssim \log |G|$. The results of this article supplement those in the three main papers on random Cayley…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-05 Jonathan Hermon , Sam Olesker-Taylor

Let $G$ be a group and let $S$ be an inverse-closed and identity-free generating set of $G$. The \emph{Cayley graph} $\Cay(G,S)$ has vertex-set $G$ and two vertices $u$ and $v$ are adjacent if and only if $uv^{-1}\in S$. Let $CAY_d(n)$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-23 Primoz Potocnik , Pablo Spiga , Gabriel Verret

Let $G$ be a finite group and $m$ be an integer. We employ the notation $g_i$ to represent elements $(g,i)$ in the Cartesian product $G \times \mathbb{Z}_m$, where $\mathbb{Z}_m$ denotes integers modulo $m$. For given sets $T_{i,j}…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Songnian Xu , Dein Wong , Chi Zhang , Wenhao Zhen

Let $G$ be a finite group, $S\subseteq G\setminus\{1\}$ be a set such that if $a\in S$, then $a^{-1}\in S$, where $1$ denotes the identity element of $G$. The undirected Cayley graph $Cay(G,S)$ of $G$ over the set $S$ is the graph whose…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-12 Alireza Abdollahi , Mojtaba Jazaeri

Let G be a graph. Consider two nonadjacent vertices x and y that have a common neighbor. Folding G with respect to x and y is the operation which identifies x and y. After a maximal series of foldings the graph is a disjoint union of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-07-10 Ton Kloks , Yue-Li Wang

Green showed that there exist constants $C_1,C_2>0$ such that the clique number $\omega$ of the random Cayley graph on $\mathbb{F}_2^n$ satisfies $\lim_{n\to\infty}\mathbb{P}(C_1n\log n < \omega < C_2n\log n)=1$. In this paper we find the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-21 Rudi Mrazović

It is known that the automorphism group of the elementary abelian $2$-group $Z_2^n$ is isomorphic to the general linear group $GL(n,F_2)$ of degree $n$ over $F_2$. Let $W$ be the collection of permutation matrices of order $n$. It is clear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-18 Lu Lu , Qiongxiang Huang , Jiangxia Hou

An $(r,z,k)$-mixed graph $G$ has every vertex with undirected degree $r$, directed in- and out-degree $z$, and diameter $k$. In this paper, we study the case $r=z=1$, proposing some new constructions of $(1,1,k)$-mixed graphs with a large…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-08 C. Dalfó , G. Erskine , G. Exoo , M. A. Fiol , N. López , A. Messegué , J. Tuite

We study the problem of approximating the number of $k$-cliques in a graph when given query access to the graph. We consider the standard query model for general graphs via (1) degree queries, (2) neighbor queries and (3) pair queries. Let…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Talya Eden , Dana Ron , C. Seshadhri

A complete subgraph of any simple graph $G$ on $k$ vertices is called a $k$-\emph{clique} of $G$. In this paper, we first introduce the concept of the value of a $k$-clique ($k>1$) as an extension of the idea of the degree of a given…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-27 Hossein Teimoori Faal

A discrete analog of quantum unique ergodicity was proved for Cayley graphs of quasirandom groups by Magee, Thomas and Zhao. They show that for large graphs there exist real orthonormal basis of eigenfunctions of the adjacency matrix such…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Jon Harrison , Clare Pruss