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Currently, many researchers and analysts are working toward medical diagnosis enhancement for various diseases. Heart disease is one of the common diseases that can be considered a significant cause of mortality worldwide. Early detection…
Heart disease continues to pose a critical worldwide health issue, more specifically in areas with insufficient access to healthcare infrastructure and diagnostic systems. Conventional diagnostic approaches often fall short in accurately…
The automation of the medical evidence acquisition and diagnosis process has recently attracted increasing attention in order to reduce the workload of doctors and democratize access to medical care. However, most works proposed in the…
The diagnosis of heart diseases is a difficult task generally addressed by an appropriate examination of patients clinical data. Recently, the use of heart rate variability (HRV) analysis as well as of some machine learning algorithms, has…
One of the major barriers to using large language models (LLMs) in medicine is the perception they use uninterpretable methods to make clinical decisions that are inherently different from the cognitive processes of clinicians. In this…
We propose a novel approach for answering and explaining multiple-choice science questions by reasoning on grounding and abstract inference chains. This paper frames question answering as an abductive reasoning problem, constructing…
Heart diseases remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, implying approximately 18 million deaths according to the WHO. In particular, heart failures (HF) press the healthcare industry to develop systems for their early, rapid, and…
Abductive Reasoning is a task of inferring the most plausible hypothesis given a set of observations. In literature, the community has approached to solve this challenge by classifying/generating a likely hypothesis that does not contradict…
Current approaches to explaining the decisions of deep learning systems for medical tasks have focused on visualising the elements that have contributed to each decision. We argue that such approaches are not enough to "open the black box"…
Clinical diagnosis is a complex reasoning process in which clinicians gather evidence, form hypotheses, and test them against alternative explanations. In medical training, this reasoning is explicitly developed through counterfactual…
Recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has demonstrated promising performance on medical benchmarks and in preliminary trials as clinical assistants. Yet, our pilot audit of diagnostic cases uncovers a critical failure…
Objective. Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with millions of deaths each year, according to data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and other public health agencies. While significant progress has been…
Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Currently, 33% of cases are misdiagnosed, and approximately half of myocardial infarctions occur in people who are not predicted to be at risk. The use of Artificial Intelligence could…
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients have a high incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and increased stroke risk, even with low risk of congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes, previous stroke/transient ischemic attack…
Problem lists are intended to provide clinicians with a relevant summary of patient medical issues and are embedded in many electronic health record systems. Despite their importance, problem lists are often cluttered with resolved or…
This paper presents a method of computing a revision of a function-free normal logic program. If an added rule is inconsistent with a program, that is, if it leads to a situation such that no stable model exists for a new program, then…
The importance of clinical variables in the prognosis of the disease is explained using statistical correlation or machine learning (ML). However, the predictive importance of these variables may not represent their causal relationships…
The dearth of prescribing guidelines for physicians is one key driver of the current opioid epidemic in the United States. In this work, we analyze medical and pharmaceutical claims data to draw insights on characteristics of patients who…
Heart Disease has become one of the most serious diseases that has a significant impact on human life. It has emerged as one of the leading causes of mortality among the people across the globe during the last decade. In order to prevent…
The growing range of applications of Machine Learning (ML) in a multitude of settings motivates the ability of computing small explanations for predictions made. Small explanations are generally accepted as easier for human decision makers…