Related papers: Comparing Topology of Engineered and Natural Drain…

Urban infrastructure networks play a major role in providing reliable flows of multitude critical services demanded by citizens in modern cities. We analyzed here a database of 125 infrastructure networks, roads (RN); urban drainage…

This article is the first in a series of three papers investigating the detailed geometry of river networks. Large-scale river networks mark an important class of two-dimensional branching networks, being not only of intrinsic interest but…

Scaling laws that describe the structure of river networks are shown to follow from three simple assumptions. These assumptions are: (1) river networks are structurally self-similar, (2) single channels are self-affine, and (3) overland…

We found that models of evolving random networks exhibit dynamic scaling similar to scaling of growing surfaces. It is demonstrated by numerical simulations of two variants of the model in which nodes are added as well as removed [Phys.…

The concept of Ultra Dense Networks (UDN) is often seen as a key enabler of the next generation mobile networks. However, existing analysis of UDNs, including Stochastic Geometry, has not been able to fully determine the potential gains and…

Despite the rapid growth of cities in the past century, our quantitative, in-depth understanding of how cities grow remains limited due to a consistent lack of historical data. Thus, the scaling laws between a city's features and its…

Many real networks are embedded in space, where in some of them the links length decay as a power law distribution with distance. Indications that such systems can be characterized by the concept of dimension were found recently. Here, we…

Hack [Studies of longitudinal stream profiles in Virginia and Maryland (1957). Report], while studying the drainage system in the Shenandoah valley and the adjacent mountains of Virginia, observed a power law relation $l\sim a^{0.6}$…

This paper aims to measure the efficiency of urban street networks (a kind of complex networks) from the perspective of the multidimensional chain of connectivity (or flow). More specifically, we define two quantities: flow dimension and…

Rivers exhibit fractal-like properties that are associated with scaling laws linking geometry and size. The optimal channel network (OCN) model, which is a mathematically tractable representation of river networks often used in theoretical…

Water distribution networks (WDNs) expand their service areas over time. These growth dynamics are poorly understood. One facet of WDNs is that they have loops in general, and closing loops may be a functionally important process for…

Metabolic allometry, a common pattern in nature, is a close-to-3/4-power scaling law between metabolic rate and body mass in organisms, across and within species. An analogous relationship between metabolic rate and water volume in river…

This article provides dives into the fundamentals of dense and ultra-dense small cell wireless networks, discussing the reasons why dense and ultra-dense small cell networks are fundamentally different from sparse ones, and why the…

Networks grow and evolve by local events, such as the addition of new nodes and links, or rewiring of links from one node to another. We show that depending on the frequency of these processes two topologically different networks can…

The structure of a river network may be seen as a discrete set of nested sub-networks built out of individual stream segments. These network components are assigned an integral stream order via a hierarchical and discrete ordering method.…

We investigate flow dynamics in rivers characterized by basin areas and daily mean discharge spanning different orders of magnitude. We show that the delayed increments evaluated at time scales ranging from days to months can be opportunely…

Climate change-driven floods demand advanced forecasting models, yet Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) underutilize river network topology due to tree-like structures causing over-squashing from high node resistance distances. This study…

We propose two types of evolving networks: evolutionary Apollonian networks (EAN) and general deterministic Apollonian networks (GDAN), established by simple iteration algorithms. We investigate the two networks by both simulation and…

River networks serve as a paradigmatic example of all branching networks. Essential to understanding the overall structure of river networks is a knowledge of their detailed architecture. Here we show that sub-branches are distributed…

Just as natural river networks are known to be globally self-similar, recent research has shown that human-built urban networks, such as road networks, are also functionally self-similar, and have fractal topology with power-law node-degree…