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This paper presents a study on strategies to enhance the translation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in the context of machine translation (MT) tasks. The paper proposes a novel paradigm consisting of three stages: Secondary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jiaxin Guo , Hao Yang , Zongyao Li , Daimeng Wei , Hengchao Shang , Xiaoyu Chen

Many tools used to process programs, like compilers, analyzers, or verifiers, perform transformations on their intermediate program representation, like abstract syntax trees. Implementing such program transformations is a non-trivial task,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Michael Hanus , Steven Libby

Chain-of-thought (CoT) has emerged as a critical mechanism for enhancing reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs), with self-consistency demonstrating notable promise in boosting performance. However, inherent linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zhiwei Yu , Tuo Li , Changhong Wang , Hui Chen , Lang Zhou

Current multilingual vision-language models either require a large number of additional parameters for each supported language, or suffer performance degradation as languages are added. In this paper, we propose a Scalable Multilingual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Andrea Burns , Donghyun Kim , Derry Wijaya , Kate Saenko , Bryan A. Plummer

The dominant programming languages support only linear text to express ideas. Visual languages offer graphical representations for entire programs, when viewed with special tools. Hybrid languages, with support from existing tools, allow…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Leif Andersen , Cameron Moy , Stephen Chang , Matthias Felleisen

Existing vision-language methods typically support two languages at a time at most. In this paper, we present a modular approach which can easily be incorporated into existing vision-language methods in order to support many languages. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Donghyun Kim , Kuniaki Saito , Kate Saenko , Stan Sclaroff , Bryan A. Plummer

Functional programming provides strong foundations for developing reliable and secure software systems, yet its adoption remains not widespread due to the steep learning curve. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) for code…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Nguyet-Anh H. Lang , Eric Lang , Thanh Le-Cong , Bach Le , Quyet-Thang Huynh

The development of programming languages can be quite complicated and costly. Hence, much effort has been devoted to the modular definition of language features that can be reused in various combinations to define new languages and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Birthe van den Berg , Tom Schrijvers , Casper Bach-Poulsen , Nicolas Wu

Instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) excel at many tasks but often fail to use external tools due to complicated and unfamiliar syntax constraints. While extensive fine-tuning and prompting can mitigate the issue, these approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Kexun Zhang , Hongqiao Chen , Lei Li , William Wang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved code generation and program comprehension, accelerating the evolution of software engineering. Current methods primarily enhance model performance by leveraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Weijie Lyu , Sheng-Jun Huang , Xuan Xia

We describe an implementation of a hybrid statistical/symbolic approach to repairing parser failures in a speech-to-speech translation system. We describe a module which takes as input a fragmented parse and returns a repaired meaning…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Carolyn Penstein Rose' , Alex Waibel

ParaSail is a language specifically designed to simplify the construction of programs that make full, safe use of parallel hardware even while manipulating potentially irregular data structures. As parallel hardware has proliferated, there…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-02-05 S. Tucker Taft

Automatic code transformation in which transformations are tuned for specific applications and contexts are difficult to achieve in an accessible manner. In this paper, we present an approach to build application specific code…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-01-21 Matthew J. Sottile , Geoffrey C. Hulette

It is commonly believed that scaling language models should commit a significant space or time cost, by increasing the parameters (parameter scaling) or output tokens (inference-time scaling). We introduce the third and more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Mouxiang Chen , Binyuan Hui , Zeyu Cui , Jiaxi Yang , Dayiheng Liu , Jianling Sun , Junyang Lin , Zhongxin Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to subtle changes in prompt phrasing, posing challenges for reliable auditing. Prior methods often apply unconstrained prompt paraphrasing, which risk missing linguistic and demographic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Cléa Chataigner , Rebecca Ma , Prakhar Ganesh , Yuhao Chen , Afaf Taïk , Elliot Creager , Golnoosh Farnadi

Block-based programming languages like Scratch have become increasingly popular as introductory languages for novices. These languages are intended to be used with a "tinkering" approach which allows learners and teachers to quickly…

Advances in logic programming and increasing industrial uptake of Datalog-inspired approaches demonstrate the emerging need to express powerful code analyses more easily. Declarative program analysis frameworks (e.g., using logic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Rijnard van Tonder

Homogeneous generative meta-programming (HGMP) enables the generation of program fragments at compile-time or run-time. We present the first foundational calculus which can model powerful HGMP languages such as Template Haskell. The…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Martin Berger , Laurence Tratt , Christian Urban

Reinforcement learning has proven effective for enhancing multi-step reasoning in large language models (LLMs), yet its benefits have not fully translated to multilingual contexts. Existing methods struggle with a fundamental trade-off:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yuchun Fan , Bei Li , Peiguang Li , Yilin Wang , Yongyu Mu , Jian Yang , Xin Chen , Rongxiang Weng , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Jingbo Zhu , Tong Xiao

This paper describes a universal model for paraphrasing that transforms according to defined criteria. We showed that by using different criteria we could construct different kinds of paraphrasing systems including one for answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Masaki Murata , Hitoshi Isahara
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