Related papers: The spectra of lifted digraphs

Let $X=G/H$ be a reductive homogeneous space with $H$ noncompact, endowed with a $G$-invariant pseudo-Riemannian structure. Let $L$ be a reductive subgroup of $G$ acting properly on $X$ and $\Gamma$ a torsion-free discrete subgroup of $L$.…

The value semigroup $\Gamma$ and the value set $\Lambda$ of $1$-forms are, respectively, a topological and an analytical invariant of a plane branch. Giving a plane branch $\mathcal{C}$ with semigroup $\Gamma$ there are a finitely number of…

Given a graph $G$, we have the adjacency matrix $A(G)$ and degree diagonal matrix $D(G)$. The $Q$-spectrum is the all eigenvalues of $Q$-matrix $Q(G)=A(G)+D(G)$. A class of graphs is determined by their generalized $Q$-spectrum (DGQS for…

The $\alpha$-Hermitian adjacency matrix $H_\alpha$ of a mixed graph $X$ has been recently introduced. It is a generalization of the adjacency matrix of unoriented graphs. In this paper, we consider a special case of the complex number…

For a connected graph $G$ and $\alpha\in [0,1)$, the distance $\alpha$-spectral radius of $G$ is the spectral radius of the matrix $D_{\alpha}(G)$ defined as $D_{\alpha}(G)=\alpha T(G)+(1-\alpha)D(G)$, where $T(G)$ is a diagonal matrix of…

Many real-world networks are characterized by directionality; however, the absence of an appropriate Fourier basis hinders the effective implementation of graph signal processing techniques. Inspired by discrete signal processing, where…

Given a finite Abelian group $G$ and a generator subset $A\subset G$ of cardinality two, we consider the Cayley digraph $\Gamma=$Cay$(G,A)$. This digraph is called $2$--Cayley digraph. An extension of $\Gamma$ is a $2$--Cayley digraph,…

The power graph $G = P(\Omega)$ of a finite group $\Omega$ is a graph with the vertex set $\Omega$ and two vertices $u, v \in \Omega$ form an edge if and only if one is an integral power of the other. Let $D(G)$, $A(G)$, $RT(G)$, and…

The Cayley sum graph $\Gamma_A$ of a set $A \subseteq \mathbb{Z}_n$ is defined to have vertex set $\mathbb{Z}_n$ and an edge between two distinct vertices $x, y \in \mathbb{Z}_n$ if $x + y \in A$. Green and Morris proved that if the set $A$…

Let $G$ be a finite abelian group, written additively, and $H$ a subgroup of~$G$. The \emph{subgroup sum graph} $\Gamma_{G,H}$ is the graph with vertex set $G$, in which two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ are joined if $x+y\in…

We present two hypermatrix formulations of the Cayley Hamilton theorem. One of the proposed formulation naturally extends to hypermatrices the combinatorial interpretations of the classical Cayley Hamilton theorem. We conclude by discussing…

Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$, and $A(G)$ and $D(G)$ its adjacency and degree diagonal matrices, respectively. For a parameter $\alpha \in [0,1]$, Nikiforov~(2017) introduced the convex combination $A_{\alpha}(G) = \alpha D(G) +…

In this paper, we investigate the spectrum of a class of weighted Laplacians on Cayley graphs and determine under what conditions the corresponding eigenspaces are generically irreducible. Specifically, we analyze the spectrum on…

An $\alpha$-parameter representation is derived for gauge field theories.It involves, relative to a scalar field theory, only constants and derivatives with respect to the $\alpha$-parameters. Simple rules are given to obtain the…

In this paper, we describe the $K$-module $HH^1(L_K(\Gamma))$ of outer derivations of the Leavitt path algebra $L_K(\Gamma)$ of a row-finite graph $\Gamma$ with coefficients in an associative commutative ring $K$ with unit. We give an…

For a connected graph $G$, let $A(G)$ be the adjacency matrix of $G$ and $D(G)$ be the diagonal matrix of the degrees of the vertices in $G$. The $A_{\alpha}$-matrix of $G$ is defined as \begin{align*} A_\alpha (G) = \alpha D(G) +…

We focus on strongly connected, strong for short, digraphs since in this setting distance is defined for every pair of vertices. Distance ideals generalize the spectrum and Smith normal form of several distance matrices associated with…

Let $D(G)$ and $D^Q(G)= Diag(Tr) + D(G)$ be the distance matrix and distance signless Laplacian matrix of a simple strongly connected digraph $G$, respectively, where $Diag(Tr)=\textrm{diag}(D_1,D_2,$ $\ldots,D_n)$ be the diagonal matrix…

Fixing a subgroup $\Gamma$ in a group $G$, the full commensurability growth function assigns to each $n$ the cardinality of the set of subgroups $\Delta$ of $G$ with $[\Gamma: \Gamma \cap \Delta][\Delta : \Gamma \cap \Delta] \leq n$. For…

Let $G$ be a graph. For a subset $X$ of $V(G)$, the switching $\sigma$ of $G$ is the signed graph $G^{\sigma}$ obtained from $G$ by reversing the signs of all edges between $X$ and $V(G)\setminus X$. Let $A(G^{\sigma})$ be the adjacency…