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Decoders that provide an estimate of the probability of a logical failure conditioned on the error syndrome ("soft-output decoders") can reduce the overhead cost of fault-tolerant quantum memory and computation. In this work, we construct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Nadine Meister , Christopher A. Pattison , John Preskill

This paper is concerned with block Markov superposition transmission (BMST) of tail-biting convolutional code (TBCC). We propose a new decoding algorithm for BMST-TBCC, which integrates a serial list Viterbi algorithm (SLVA) with a soft…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Xiao Ma , Wenchao Lin , Suihua Cai , Baodian Wei

Symbolic Regression (SR) can generate interpretable, concise expressions that fit a given dataset, allowing for more human understanding of the structure than black-box approaches. The addition of background knowledge (in the form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Charles Fox , Neil Tran , Nikki Nacion , Samiha Sharlin , Tyler R. Josephson

In this work, we consider the problem of efficient decoding of codes from insertions and deletions. Most of the known efficient codes are codes with synchronization strings which allow one to reduce the problem of decoding insertions and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Anisha Banerjee , Roni Con , Antonia Wachter-Zeh , Eitan Yaakobi

In this paper, firstly, we study decoding of a general class of twisted generalized Reed-Solomon (TGRS) codes and provide a precise characterization of the key equation for TGRS codes and propose a decoding algorithm. Secondly, we further…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Guodong Wang , Hongwei Liu , Jinquan Luo

Hamming Quasi-Cyclic (HQC) was chosen for the latest post-quantum cryptography standardization. A concatenated Reed-Muller (RM) and Reed-Solomon (RS) code is decoded during the HQC decryption. Soft-decision RS decoders achieve better…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jiaxuan Cai , Xinmiao Zhang

Speculative Decoding (SD) ensures that the output matches the target model's distribution exactly. However, we argue that this distribution matching requirement is too stringent and results in unnecessarily low acceptance rates, limiting…

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) decoding faces a fundamental accuracy-efficiency tradeoff. Classical methods like Minimum Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) exhibit variable performance across noise models and suffer from polynomial complexity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 David Zenati , Eliya Nachmani

As the demand for efficient, low-power computing in embedded and edge devices grows, traditional computing methods are becoming less effective for handling complex tasks. Stochastic computing (SC) offers a promising alternative by…

A dynamic sampled stochastic approximated (DS-SA) extragradient method for stochastic variational inequalities (SVI) is proposed that is \emph{robust} with respect to an unknown Lipschitz constant $L$. To the best of our knowledge, it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-08-28 Alfredo Iusem , Alejandro Jofré , Roberto I. Oliveira , Philip Thompson

Ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) demand decoding algorithms that simultaneously offer high reliability and low complexity under stringent latency constraints. While iterative decoding schemes for LDPC and Polar codes offer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Enrico Testi , Enrico Paolini

Long Reed-Solomon (RS) codes are desirable for digital communication and storage systems due to their improved error performance, but the high computational complexity of their decoders is a key obstacle to their adoption in practice. As…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-30 Xuebin Wu , Zhiyuan Yan

Most neural video codecs rely on temporal conditioning, which makes them susceptible to error propagation over long sequences. While Transformer-based architectures like the VCT offer a drift-free alternative, they suffer from high…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Alexander Kopte , André Kaup

The successive cancellation list decoder (SCL) is an efficient decoder for classical polar codes with low decoding error, approximating the maximum likelihood decoder (MLD) for small list sizes. Here we adapt the SCL to the task of decoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Anqi Gong , Joseph M. Renes

This paper presents a stochastic algorithm for iterative error control decoding. We show that the stochastic decoding algorithm is an approximation of the sum-product algorithm. When the code's factor graph is a tree, as with trellises, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Chris Winstead , Anthony Rapley , Vincent C. Gaudet , Christian Schlegel

Large language models~(LLMs) exhibit exceptional performance in language tasks, yet their auto-regressive inference is limited due to high computational requirements and is sub-optimal due to the exposure bias. Inspired by speculative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Hongyi Yuan , Keming Lu , Fei Huang , Zheng Yuan , Chang Zhou

Decoding brain signals accurately and efficiently is crucial for intra-cortical brain-computer interfaces. Traditional decoding approaches based on neural activity vector features suffer from low accuracy, whereas deep learning based…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Song Yang , Haotian Fu , Herui Zhang , Peng Zhang , Wei Li , Dongrui Wu

Spatial coupling is utilized to improve the performance of iterative channel estimation, multiuser detection, and decoding for multiple-input multiple-input (MIMO) bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM). Coupling is applied to both coding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-22 Keigo Takeuchi

In this paper, we investigate symbol-level precoding (SLP) and efficient decoding techniques for downlink transmission, where we focus on scenarios where the base station (BS) transmits multiple QAM constellation streams to users equipped…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 X. Tong , A. Li , L. Lei , X. Hu , F. Dong , S. Chatzinotas , C. Masouros

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) have achieved rapid progress, viewed as a promising alternative to the autoregressive paradigm. However, most dLLM decoders still adopt a global confidence threshold, and do not explicitly model local…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yuzhe Chen , Jiale Cao , Xuyang Liu , Jin Xie , Aiping Yang , Yanwei Pang
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