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We introduce Adaptive Functional Principal Component Analysis, a novel method to capture directions of variation in functional data that exhibit sharp changes in smoothness. We first propose a new adaptive scatterplot smoothing technique…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-04 Angel Garcia de la Garza , Britton Sauerbrei , Adam Hantman , Jeff Goldsmith

In scientific applications, multivariate observations often come in tandem with temporal or spatial covariates, with which the underlying signals vary smoothly. The standard approaches such as principal component analysis and factor…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Mark Koudstaal , Dengdeng Yu , Dehan Kong , Fang Yao

In many longitudinal studies, a large number of variables are measured repeatedly over time, with substantial missing data. Existing methods, such as probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA), are ill-equipped to handle such…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-27 Xinyu Zhang , Ameer Qaqish , D. Y. Lin , Didong Li

Multidimensional functional data streams arise in diverse scientific fields, yet their analysis poses significant challenges. We propose a novel online framework for functional principal component analysis that enables efficient and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-06 Muye Nanshan , Nan Zhang , Jiguo Cao

Functional Principal Component Analysis is a reference method for dimension reduction of curve data. Its theoretical properties are now well understood in the simplified case where the sample curves are fully observed without noise.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-28 Ryad Belhakem , Franck Picard , Vincent Rivoirard , Angelina Roche

High-dimensional covariates often admit linear factor structure. To effectively screen correlated covariates in high-dimension, we propose a conditional variable screening test based on non-parametric regression using neural networks due to…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-08-21 Jianqing Fan , Weining Wang , Yue Zhao

Functional data analysis almost always involves smoothing discrete observations into curves, because they are never observed in continuous time and rarely without error. Although smoothing parameters affect the subsequent inference,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-07 Sunny G. W. Wang , Valentin Patilea , Nicolas Klutchnikoff

In some real world applications, such as spectrometry, functional models achieve better predictive performances if they work on the derivatives of order m of their inputs rather than on the original functions. As a consequence, the use of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-04 Fabrice Rossi , Nathalie Villa-Vialaneix

Functional data analysis is a fast evolving branch of modern statistics and the functional linear model has become popular in recent years. However, most estimation methods for this model rely on generalized least squares procedures and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-24 Ioannis Kalogridis , Stefan Van Aelst

Estimation and inference with modern longitudinal data from wearable devices, which consist of biological signals at high-frequency time points, is burdened by massive computational costs. We propose a distributed estimation and inference…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-13 Cole Manschot , Emily C. Hector

In many longitudinal settings, time-varying covariates may not be measured at the same time as responses and are often prone to measurement error. Naive last-observation-carried-forward methods incur estimation biases, and existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-10 Xinyue Chang , Yehua Li , Yi Li

High-dimensional multivariate longitudinal data, which arise when many outcome variables are measured repeatedly over time, are becoming increasingly common in social, behavioral and health sciences. We propose a latent variable model for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-09 Sze Ming Lee , Yunxiao Chen , Tony Sit

We consider analysis of dependent functional data that are correlated because of a longitudinal-based design: each subject is observed at repeated time visits and for each visit we record a functional variable. We propose a novel…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-30 So Young Park , Ana-Maria Staicu

This article presents factor copula approaches to model temporal dependency of non-Gaussian (continuous/discrete) longitudinal data. Factor copula models are canonical vine copulas which explain the underlying dependence structure of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-18 Subhajit Chattopadhyay

Consider longitudinal data $x_{ij},$ with $i=1,...,n$ and $j=1,...,p_{i},$ where $x_{ij}$ is the $j-$th observation of the random function $X_{i}\left( .\right) $ observed at time $t_{j}.$ The goal of this paper is to develop a parsimonious…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-03-28 Ricardo A. Maronna

This paper introduces a Projected Principal Component Analysis (Projected-PCA), which employs principal component analysis to the projected (smoothed) data matrix onto a given linear space spanned by covariates. When it applies to…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-01-18 Jianqing Fan , Yuan Liao , Weichen Wang

Compositional data represent a specific family of multivariate data, where the information of interest is contained in the ratios between parts rather than in absolute values of single parts. The analysis of such specific data is…

Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is an important technique for dimension reduction in functional data analysis (FDA). Classical FPCA method is based on the Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve expansion, which assumes a linear structure of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-27 Rou Zhong , Chunming Zhang , Jingxiao Zhang

In this article, we introduce a procedure for selecting variables in principal components analysis. The procedure was developed to identify a small subset of the original variables that best explain the principal components through…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Yanina Gimenez , Guido Giussani

Many studies collect functional data from multiple subjects that have both multilevel and multivariate structures. An example of such data comes from popular neuroscience experiments where participants' brain activity is recorded using…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-19 Jun Zhang , Greg J Siegle , Wendy D'Andrea , Robert T Krafty