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Energy-based modeling is a promising approach to unsupervised learning, which yields many downstream applications from a single model. The main difficulty in learning energy-based models with the "contrastive approaches" is the generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Kirill Neklyudov , Priyank Jaini , Max Welling

The deep-learning-based least squares method has shown successful results in solving high-dimensional non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs). However, this method usually converges slowly. To speed up the convergence of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Wenhan Gao , Chunmei Wang

Electron microscopy is widely used to explore defects in crystal structures, but human detecting of defects is often time-consuming, error-prone, and unreliable, and is not scalable to large numbers of images or real-time analysis. In this…

While capable of segregating visual data, humans take time to examine a single piece, let alone thousands or millions of samples. The deep learning models efficiently process sizeable information with the help of modern-day computing.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Alankrit Mishra , Nikhil Raj , Garima Bajwa

Machine learning techniques are utilized to estimate the electronic band gap energy and forecast the band gap category of materials based on experimentally quantifiable properties. The determination of band gap energy is critical for…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-03-11 Sagar Prakash Barad , Sajag Kumar , Subhankar Mishra

We propose a sampling method to include the negative contribution to probability density distribution in a sampling procedure. This sampling method is a universal solution for all negative probability problem and shows extraordinarily power…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-05-27 Bo Da , Shifeng Mao , ZheJun Ding

Exploiting the information provided by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) requires reliable access to the low-loss region where the zero-loss peak (ZLP) often overwhelms the contributions associated to inelastic scatterings off the…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-09-14 Laurien I. Roest , Sabrya E. van Heijst , Louis Maduro , Juan Rojo , Sonia Conesa-Boj

Data selection is essential for training deep learning models. An effective data sampler assigns proper sampling probability for training data and helps the model converge to a good local minimum with high performance. Previous studies in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jiawei Yao , Chuming Li , Canran Xiao

Electron tomography (ET) plays an important role in the three-dimensional (3D) characterization of nanomaterials. However, under limited-angle and sparse-view conditions, conventional algorithms produce degraded reconstructions, which…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Serge Brosset , Daniel del Pozo Bueno , Thomas David , Laure Guetaz , Philippe Ciuciu , Zineb Saghi

Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) has been established as a powerful analytical technique for investigating the oxidation state, band structure, and dielectric properties of materials with exceptional spatial resolution. Inspired by…

Deep convolutional neural networks achieve remarkable performance by exhaustively processing dense spatial feature maps, yet this brute-force strategy introduces significant computational redundancy and encourages reliance on spurious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tom Devynck , Bilal Faye , Djamel Bouchaffra , Nadjib Lazaar , Hanane Azzag , Mustapha Lebbah

Instrumentation developments in electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) one decade ago paved the way for combining milli-electronvolt energy resolution in spectroscopy with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Benedikt Haas , Christoph T. Koch , Peter Rez

Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has developed over the last few decades into a valuable crystallographic characterisation method for a wide range of sample types. Despite these advances, issues such as the complexity of sample…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-17 Zoë Broad , Alex W. Robinson , Jack Wells , Daniel Nicholls , Amirafshar Moshtaghpour , Angus I. Kirkland , Nigel D. Browning

A technique to measure the band gap of dielectric materials with high refractive index by means of energy electron loss spectroscopy (EELS) is presented. The technique relies on the use of a circular (Bessel) aperture and suppresses…

Modern laboratory techniques like ultrafast laser excitation and shock compression can bring matter into highly nonequilibrium states with complex structural transformation, metallization and dissociation dynamics. To understand and model…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Qiyu Zeng , Bo Chen , Xiaoxiang Yu , Shen Zhang , Dongdong Kang , Han Wang , Jiayu Dai

This paper analyzes conventional and deep learning methods for eliminating electromagnetic interference (EMI) in MRI systems. We compare traditional analytical and adaptive techniques with advanced deep learning approaches. Key strengths…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-11-25 Wanyu Bian , Panfeng Li , Mengyao Zheng , Chihang Wang , Anying Li , Ying Li , Haowei Ni , Zixuan Zeng

We investigate the capabilities of the effective non-retarded method (ENR) to explore and design nanoparticles composites with specific optical properties. We consider a composite material comprising periodically distributed metallic…

The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is probably one the most fascinating examination approach that has been used since more than two decades to detailed inspection of micro scale objects. Most of the scanning electron microscopes could…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-18 Wichai Shanklin

This publication presents an investigation of the performance of different analytical electron ptychography methods for low-dose imaging. In particular, benchmarking is performed for two model-objects, monolayer MoS$_2$ and apoferritin, by…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Hoelen L. Lalandec Robert , Max Leo Leidl , Knut Müller-Caspary , Jo Verbeeck

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for imaging material structure and characterizing material chemistry. Recent advances in data collection technology for TEM have enabled high-volume and high-resolution data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Josh Kacher , Yao Xie , Sven P. Voigt , Shixiang Zhu , Henry Yuchi , Jordan Key , Surya R. Kalidindi