Related papers: Semiconjugate rational functions: a dynamical appr…

A curve X over the field Q of rational numbers is modular if it is dominated by X_1(N) for some N; if in addition the image of its jacobian in J_1(N) is contained in the new subvariety of J_1(N), then X is called a new modular curve. We…

Pippenger's Galois theory of finite functions and relational constraints is extended to the infinite case. The functions involved are functions of several variables on a set $A$ and taking values in a possibly different set $B$, where any…

Over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, there exist rational functions with only one critical point. We give an elementary characterization of these functions in terms of their continued fraction expansions. Then we…

Over a global field (number field or function field of a curve over a finite field), theorems for the Galois cohomology of algebraic groups have long been known. For $F$ the function field of a curve over the formal series field…

We show that every linear algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero is the differential Galois group of a regular singular linear differential equation with rational function coefficients.

We determine all F,G in C[X] of degree at least 2 for which the semigroup generated by F and G under composition is not the free semigroup on the letters F and G. We also solve the same problem for F,G in X^2 C[[X]], and prove partial…

Let $g$ and $h$ be transcendental entire functions and let $f$ be a continuous map of the complex plane into itself with $f\circ g=h\circ f.$ Then $g$ and $h$ are said to be semiconjugated by $f$ and $f$ is called a semiconjugacy. We…

In this paper we focus on functions of the form $A^n\rightarrow \mathcal{P}(B)$, for possibly different arbitrary non-empty sets $A$ and $B$, and where $\mathcal{P}(B)$ denotes the set of all subsets of $B$. These mappings are called…

The problem to decide whether a given rational function in several variables is positive, in the sense that all its Taylor coefficients are positive, goes back to Szeg\H{o} as well as Askey and Gasper, who inspired more recent work. It is…

Let $P\in\mathbb Q[t,x]$ be a polynomial in two variables with rational coefficients, and let $G$ be the Galois group of $P$ over the field $\mathbb Q(t)$. It follows from Hilbert's Irreducibility Theorem that for most rational numbers $c$…

Let k be an algebraically closed field. A polynomial F in k[X,Y] is said to be "generally rational" if, for almost all c in k, the curve " F= c '' is rational. It is well known that, if char(k)=0, F is generally rational iff there exists G…

We prove some new instances of a conjecture of Bachoc, Couvreur and Z\'emor that generalizes Freiman's $3k-4$ Theorem to a multiplicative version in a function field setting. As a consequence we find that if $F$ is a rational function field…

We study zero cycles on rationally connected varieties defined over characteristic zero Laurent fields with algebraically closed residue fields. We show that the degree map induces an isomorphism for rationally connected threefolds defined…

In 1923 Schur considered the following problem. Let f(X) be a polynomial with integer coefficients that induces a bijection on the residue fields Z/pZ for infinitely many primes p. His conjecture, that such polynomials are compositions of…

Two rational functions $f,g\in\Bbb F_q(X)$ are said to be {\em equivalent} if there exist $\phi,\psi\in\Bbb F_q(X)$ of degree one such that $g=\phi\circ f\circ\psi$. We give an explicit formula for the number of equivalence classes of…

We consider sets of operations on a set A that are closed under permutation of variables, addition of dummy variables and composition. We describe these closed sets in terms of a Galois connection between operations and systems of pointed…

We give sufficient conditions for a linear differential equation to have a given semisimple group as its Galois group. For any linear algebraic group G given as a semidirect product of a finite subgroup and a normal subgroup that is a…

We show that if a Laurent series $f\in\mathbb{C}((t))$ satisfies a particular kind of linear iterative equation, then $f$ is either a rational function or it is differentially transcendental over $\mathbb{C}(t)$. This condition is more…

Assume that $X$ and $Y$ are arithmetic schemes, i.e., integral schemes of finite types over $Spec(\mathbb{Z})$. Then $X$ is said to be quasi-galois closed over $Y$ if $X$ has a unique conjugate over $Y$ in some certain algebraically closed…

We prove that there are infinitely many finite simple groups of symplectic Lie type, of any specified characteristic and rank, which appear as Galois groups over the field of rational numbers. This generalizes a result of Wiese, which…