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Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) combines rule-based and statistical artificial intelligence methods, by learning a hypothesis comprising a set of rules given background knowledge and constraints for the search space. We focus on extending…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Mishal Kazmi , Peter Schüller , Yücel Saygın

Inductive logic programming (ILP) is a form of logical machine learning. The goal is to search a hypothesis space for a hypothesis that generalises training examples and background knowledge. We introduce an approach that 'shrinks' the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Andrew Cropper , Filipe Gouveia , David M. Cerna

Significant research has been conducted in recent years to extend Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) methods to induce Answer Set Programs (ASP). These methods perform an exhaustive search for the correct hypothesis by encoding an ILP…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Farhad Shakerin , Gopal Gupta

A major challenge in inductive logic programming (ILP) is learning large programs. We argue that a key limitation of existing systems is that they use entailment to guide the hypothesis search. This approach is limited because entailment is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Andrew Cropper , Sebastijan Dumančić

The goal of Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is to learn a program that explains a set of examples. Until recently, most research on ILP targeted learning Prolog programs. The ILASP system instead learns Answer Set Programs (ASP). Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mark Law

The goal of Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is to learn a program that explains a set of examples in the context of some pre-existing background knowledge. Until recently, most research on ILP targeted learning Prolog programs. Our own…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Mark Law , Alessandra Russo , Krysia Broda

Recent inductive logic programming (ILP) approaches learn optimal hypotheses. An optimal hypothesis minimises a given cost function on the training data. There are many cost functions, such as minimising training error, textual complexity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Céline Hocquette , Andrew Cropper

Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is a principled approach for generalizing regularities from data and constructing hypotheses as interpretable logic programs. However, a key limitation is its reliance on expert-crafted language bias - the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yang Yang , Jiemin Wu , Yutao Yue

Domain-specific heuristics are a crucial technique for the efficient solving of problems that are large or computationally hard. Answer Set Programming (ASP) systems support declarative specifications of domain-specific heuristics to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Richard Comploi-Taupe

Inductive logic programming (ILP) is a form of logical machine learning. Most ILP algorithms learn a single hypothesis from a single training run. Ensemble methods train an ILP algorithm multiple times to learn multiple hypotheses. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Mingyue Liu , Andrew Cropper

The goal of inductive logic programming (ILP) is to search for a hypothesis that generalises training examples and background knowledge (BK). To improve performance, we introduce an approach that, before searching for a hypothesis, first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Andrew Cropper , Céline Hocquette

We describe an inductive logic programming (ILP) approach called learning from failures. In this approach, an ILP system (the learner) decomposes the learning problem into three separate stages: generate, test, and constrain. In the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Andrew Cropper , Rolf Morel

Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is a form of machine learning (ML) which in contrast to many other state of the art ML methods typically produces highly interpretable and reusable models. However, many ILP systems lack the ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-26 John Wahlig

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a truly-declarative programming paradigm proposed in the area of non-monotonic reasoning and logic programming, that has been recently employed in many applications. The development of efficient ASP systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Marco Maratea , Luca Pulina , Francesco Ricca

In recent years, non-monotonic Inductive Logic Programming has received growing interest. Specifically, several new learning frameworks and algorithms have been introduced for learning under the answer set semantics, allowing the learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Mark Law , Alessandra Russo , Krysia Broda

In recent years, several frameworks and systems have been proposed that extend Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) to the Answer Set Programming (ASP) paradigm. In ILP, examples must all be explained by a hypothesis together with a given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Mark Law , Alessandra Russo , Krysia Broda

This technical report describes the usage, syntax, semantics and core algorithms of the probabilistic inductive logic programming framework PrASP. PrASP is a research software which integrates non-monotonic reasoning based on Answer Set…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-02 Matthias Nickles

We propose a new formal language for the expressive representation of probabilistic knowledge based on Answer Set Programming (ASP). It allows for the annotation of first-order formulas as well as ASP rules and facts with probabilities and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-06 Matthias Nickles , Alessandra Mileo

Inductive reasoning enables humans to infer abstract rules from limited examples and apply them to novel situations. In this work, we compare an LLM-based hypothesis search framework with direct program generation approaches on few-shot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Aishni Parab , Hongjing Lu , Ying Nian Wu , Sumit Gulwani

Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) aims to learn interpretable first-order rules from data, but existing symbolic and neuro-symbolic approaches struggle to scale to noisy and probabilistic settings. Classical ILP relies on discrete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Iman Sharifi , Peng Wei , Saber Fallah
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