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The simultaneous estimation of multiple unknown parameters is the most general scenario in quantum sensing. Quantum multi-parameter estimation theory provides fundamental bounds on the achievable precision of simultaneous estimation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Yaoling Yang , Victor Montenegro , Abolfazl Bayat

Already since the work by Abbe and Rayleigh the difficulty of super resolution where one wants to recover a collection of point sources from low-resolved microscopy measurements is thought to be dependent on whether the distance between the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Mathias Hockmann

We bound the number of electromagnetic signals which may be observed over a frequency range $2W$ for a time $T$ within a region of space enclosed by a radius $R$. Our result implies that broadband fields in space cannot be arbitrarily…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Leif Hanlen , Thushara Abhayapala

Notions and limits from standard time series analysis must be modified when treating series which are measured irregularly and contain long gaps. Classical Nyquist criterion to estimate frequency range which is potentially recoverable must…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-27 Jaan Pelt

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a crucial analytical technique used for molecular structure elucidation, with applications spanning chemistry, biology, materials science, and medicine. However, the frequency resolution of…

It is widely believed that range resolution, the ability to distinguish between two closely situated targets, depends inversely on the bandwidth of the transmitted radar signal. Here we demonstrate a different type of ranging system, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-30 Rony Komissarov , Vitali Kozlov , Dmitry Filonov , Pavel Ginzburg

The estimation of more than one parameter in quantum mechanics is a fundamental problem with relevant practical applications. In fact, the ultimate limits in the achievable estimation precision are ultimately linked with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Sholeh Razavian , Matteo G. A. Paris , Marco G. Genoni

The quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound is a cornerstone of modern quantum metrology, as it provides the ultimate precision in parameter estimation. In the multiparameter scenario, this bound becomes a matrix inequality, which can be cast to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Aaron Z. Goldberg , Luis L. Sánchez-Soto , Hugo Ferretti

State of the art quantum sensing experiments targeting frequency measurements or frequency addressing of nuclear spins require to drive the probe system at the targeted frequency. In addition, there is a substantial advantage to perform…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-02 Nati Aharon , Ilai Schwartz , Alex Retzker

Quantum sensors capitalize on advanced control sequences for maximizing sensitivity and precision. However, protocols are not usually optimized for temporal resolution. Here, we establish the limits for time-resolved sensing of dynamical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-12 Konstantin Herb , Christian L. Degen

We establish general limits on how precise a parameter, e.g. frequency or the strength of a magnetic field, can be estimated with the aid of full and fast quantum control. We consider uncorrelated noisy evolutions of N qubits and show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-07 Pavel Sekatski , Michalis Skotiniotis , Janek Kołodyński , Wolfgang Dür

Reconstructive spectrometers are a promising emerging class of devices that combine complex light scattering with inference to enable compact, high-resolution spectrometry. Thus far, the physical determinants of these devices' performance…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-24 Changyan Zhu , Hsuan Lo , Jianbo Yu , Qijie Wang , Y. D. Chong

Frequency stability is key to performance of nanoresonators. This stability is thought to reach a limit with the resonator's ability to resolve thermally-induced vibrations. Although measurements and predictions of resonator stability…

We establish a simple method to assess the quantum Fisher information required for resolving two incoherent point sources with an imaging system. The resulting Cram\'er-Rao bound shows that the standard Rayleigh limit can be surpassed by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-28 Martin Paur , Bohumil Stoklasa , Zdenek Hradil , Luis L. Sanchez-Soto , Jaroslav Rehacek

We obtain the multiple-parameter quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound for estimating the transverse Cartesian components of the centroid and separation of two incoherent optical point sources using an imaging system with finite spatial bandwidth.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-05 Shan Zheng Ang , Ranjith Nair , Mankei Tsang

Quantum metrology derives its capabilities from the careful employ of quantum resources for carrying out measurements. This advantage, however, relies on refined data postprocessing, assessed based on the variance of the estimated…

Quantum metrology has been shown to surpass classical limits of correlation, resolution, and sensitivity. It has been introduced to interferometric Radar schemes, with intriguing preliminary results. Even quantum-inspired detection of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-11 Leonid Vidro , Liran Shirizly , Naftali Kirsh , Nadav Katz , Hagai S. Eisenberg

Precision measurement has been an important research area in sensing and metrology. In classical physics, the Fisher information determines the maximum extractable information from statistically unknown signals, based on a joint probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Byoung S. Ham

Quantum metrology protocols are typically designed around the assumption that we have an abundance of measurement data, but recent practical applications are increasingly driving interest in cases with very limited data. In this regime the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-18 Jesús Rubio , Jacob Dunningham

We introduce quantum parameter estimation with the encoding being via a quantum measurement. We quantify the precision for estimating parameters characterizing a general two-outcome qubit measurement, considering two cases: when the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Shuva Mondal , Priya Ghosh , Ujjwal Sen