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Related papers: Complexity Metric for Code-Mixed Social Media Text

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The diversity across outputs generated by LLMs shapes perception of their quality and utility. High lexical diversity is often desirable, but there is no standard method to measure this property. Templated answer structures and ``canned''…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Chantal Shaib , Venkata S. Govindarajan , Joe Barrow , Jiuding Sun , Alexa F. Siu , Byron C. Wallace , Ani Nenkova

As large-scale, pre-trained language models achieve human-level and superhuman accuracy on existing language understanding tasks, statistical bias in benchmark data and probing studies have recently called into question their true…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Shane Storks , Joyce Chai

This paper describes a method for providing feedback about the degree of complexity that is present in particular texts. Both the method and the software tool called TexComp are designed for use during the assessment of student compositions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2012-06-29 T. Kakkonen

The high-quality translation results produced by machine translation (MT) systems still pose a huge challenge for automatic evaluation. Current MT evaluation pays the same attention to each sentence component, while the questions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Runzhe Zhan , Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Corpora and web texts can become a rich language learning resource if we have a means of assessing whether they are linguistically appropriate for learners at a given proficiency level. In this paper, we aim at addressing this issue by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-30 Ildikó Pilán , Sowmya Vajjala , Elena Volodina

The sentiment analysis task in Tamil-English code-mixed texts has been explored using advanced transformer-based models. Challenges from grammatical inconsistencies, orthographic variations, and phonetic ambiguities have been addressed. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Mikhail Krasitskii , Olga Kolesnikova , Liliana Chanona Hernandez , Grigori Sidorov , Alexander Gelbukh

Since no metrics are available to evaluate specific aspects of a text, such as its personalization quality, the researchers often rely solely on large language models to meta-evaluate such texts. Due to internal biases of individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dominik Macko , Andrew Pulver

Sentiment analysis is essential in many real-world applications such as stance detection, review analysis, recommendation system, and so on. Sentiment analysis becomes more difficult when the data is noisy and collected from social media.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Braja Gopal Patra , Dipankar Das , Amitava Das

Code-mixing, the blending of linguistic elements from distinct languages to form meaningful sentences, is common in multilingual settings, yielding hybrid languages like Hinglish and Minglish. Marathi, India's third most spoken language,…

Code-mixing is the phenomenon of using more than one language in a sentence. It is a very frequently observed pattern of communication on social media platforms. Flexibility to use multiple languages in one text message might help to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Vivek Srivastava , Mayank Singh

Code-Mixed text data consists of sentences having words or phrases from more than one language. Most multi-lingual communities worldwide communicate using multiple languages, with English usually one of them. Hinglish is a Code-Mixed text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Shaz Furniturewala , Vijay Kumari , Amulya Ratna Dash , Hriday Kedia , Yashvardhan Sharma

The use of multilingualism in the new generation is widespread in the form of code-mixed data on social media, and therefore a robust translation system is required for catering to the monolingual users, as well as for easier comprehension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Sainik Kumar Mahata , Soumil Mandal , Dipankar Das , Sivaji Bandyopadhyay

Intrinsic evaluation metrics for conditional language models, such as perplexity or bits-per-character, are widely used in both mono- and multilingual settings. These metrics are rather straightforward to use and compare in monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Wessel Poelman , Miryam de Lhoneux

Natural language processing (NLP) techniques have become mainstream in the recent decade. Most of these advances are attributed to the processing of a single language. More recently, with the extensive growth of social media platforms focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Ramchandra Joshi , Raviraj Joshi

Code-switching entails mixing multiple languages. It is an increasingly occurring phenomenon in social media texts. Usually, code-mixed texts are written in a single script, even though the languages involved have different scripts.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Niraj Pahari , Kazutaka Shimada

Complexity is a multi-faceted phenomenon, involving a variety of features including disorder, nonlinearity, and self-organisation. We use a recently developed rigorous framework for complexity to understand measures of complexity. We…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2020-09-22 Karoline Wiesner , James Ladyman

Background: Transitioning from an old medical coding system to a new one can be challenging, especially when the two coding systems are significantly different. The US experienced such a transition in 2015. Objective: This research aims to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Jerome Niyirora

There is an increasing demand for sentiment analysis of text from social media which are mostly code-mixed. Systems trained on monolingual data fail for code-mixed data due to the complexity of mixing at different levels of the text.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi , Navya Jose , Shardul Suryawanshi , Elizabeth Sherly , John P. McCrae

Analysis of informative contents and sentiments of social users has been attempted quite intensively in the recent past. Most of the systems are usable only for monolingual data and fails or gives poor results when used on data with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Soumil Mandal , Sainik Kumar Mahata , Dipankar Das

The tremendous amount of user generated data through social networking sites led to the gaining popularity of automatic text classification in the field of computational linguistics over the past decade. Within this domain, one problem that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Ankush Khandelwal , Sahil Swami , Syed S. Akhtar , Manish Shrivastava