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Modern financial exchanges use an electronic limit order book (LOB) to store bid and ask orders for a specific financial asset. As the most fine-grained information depicting the demand and supply of an asset, LOB data is essential in…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-02 Zijian Shi , John Cartlidge

We propose and study a simple stochastic model for the dynamics of a limit order book, in which arrivals of market order, limit orders and order cancellations are described in terms of a Markovian queueing system. Through its analytical…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-19 Rama Cont , Adrien De Larrard

Commonly used limit order book attributes are empirically considered based on NASDAQ ITCH data. It is shown that some of them have the properties drastically different from the ones assumed in many market dynamics study. Because of this…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2016-03-31 Vladislav Gennadievich Malyshkin , Ray Bakhramov

In financial markets, the order flow, defined as the process assuming value one for buy market orders and minus one for sell market orders, displays a very slowly decaying autocorrelation function. Since orders impact prices, reconciling…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-06-19 Damian Eduardo Taranto , Giacomo Bormetti , Fabrizio Lillo

We propose a model for the dynamics of a limit order book in a liquid market where buy and sell orders are submitted at high frequency. We derive a functional central limit theorem for the joint dynamics of the bid and ask queues and show…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2012-03-01 Rama Cont , Adrien De Larrard

We model the behavior of three agent classes acting dynamically in a limit order book of a financial asset. Namely, we consider market makers (MM), high-frequency trading (HFT) firms, and institutional brokers (IB). Given a prior dynamic of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2018-11-12 Nicolas Baradel , Bruno Bouchard , David Evangelista , Othmane Mounjid

Introducing an algebraic framework for modeling limit order books (LOBs) with tools from physics and stochastic processes, our proposed framework captures the creation and annihilation of orders, order matching, and the time evolution of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-10 Johannes Bleher , Michael Bleher

We develop a large-scale deep learning model to predict price movements from limit order book (LOB) data of cash equities. The architecture utilises convolutional filters to capture the spatial structure of the limit order books as well as…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-01-24 Zihao Zhang , Stefan Zohren , Stephen Roberts

We examine optimal execution models that take into account both market microstructure impact and informational costs. Informational footprint is related to order flow and is represented by the trader's influence on the flow imbalance…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2014-10-21 Kyle Bechler , Mike Ludkovski

We consider a broker who has to place a large order which consumes a sizable part of average daily trading volume. The broker's aim is thus to minimize execution costs he incurs from the adverse impact of his trades on market prices. By…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2013-10-14 Peter Bank , Antje Fruth

In this paper we explore optimal liquidation in a market populated by a number of heterogeneous market makers that have limited inventory-carrying and risk-bearing capacity. We derive a reduced form model for the dynamic of their aggregated…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-09-01 Marina Di Giacinto , Claudio Tebaldi , Tai-Ho Wang

We consider a stochastic model for the dynamics of the two-sided limit order book (LOB). Our model is flexible enough to allow for a dependence of the price dynamics on volumes. For the joint dynamics of best bid and ask prices and the…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-08-04 Christian Bayer , Ulrich Horst , Jinniao Qiu

To execute a trade, participants in electronic equity markets may choose to submit limit orders or market orders across various exchanges where a stock is traded. This decision is influenced by the characteristics of the order flow and…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2014-11-25 Rama Cont , Arseniy Kukanov

We establish a first and second-order approximation for an infinite dimensional limit order book model (LOB) in a single (''critical'') scaling regime where market and limit orders arrive at a common time scale. With our choice of scaling…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-09-27 Ulrich Horst , Dörte Kreher , Konstantins Starovoitovs

We propose a framework to study the optimal liquidation strategy in a limit order book for large-tick stocks, with spread equal to one tick. All order book events (market orders, limit orders and cancellations) occur according to…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2017-11-16 Antoine Jacquier , Hao Liu

Market by order (MBO) data - a detailed feed of individual trade instructions for a given stock on an exchange - is arguably one of the most granular sources of microstructure information. While limit order books (LOBs) are implicitly…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-28 Zihao Zhang , Bryan Lim , Stefan Zohren

This paper is split in three parts: first we use labelled trade data to exhibit how market participants accept or not transactions via limit orders as a function of liquidity imbalance; then we develop a theoretical stochastic control…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2018-03-16 Charles-Albert Lehalle , Othmane Mounjid

Order book imbalance (OBI) - buy orders minus sell orders near the best quote - measures supply-demand imbalance that can move prices. OBI is positively correlated with returns, and some investors try to use it to improve performance. Large…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-23 Shuto Endo , Takanobu Mizuta , Isao Yagi

We study the optimal Market Making problem in a Limit Order Book (LOB) market simulated using a high-fidelity, mutually exciting Hawkes process. Departing from traditional Brownian-driven mid-price models, our setup captures key…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-03 Konark Jain , Nick Firoozye , Jonathan Kochems , Philip Treleaven

An empirical stochastic analysis of high-frequency, tick-by-tick order data of NASDAQ100 listed stocks is conducted using a first-order discrete-time Markov chain model to explore intraday order transition dynamics. This analysis focuses on…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-12 S. R. Luwang , A. Rai , Md. Nurujjaman , F. Petroni