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The local extremes (i.e., peaks and pits) of the landscape-elevation field play a critical role in energy, water, and nutrient distribution over the region, but the statistical distributions of these points in relation to landscape…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-09-21 Shashank Kumar Anand , Amilcare Porporato

Ejection of large boulder-like debris is a vigorous form of cometary activity that is unlikely induced by water ice out-gassing alone but rather associated with the sublimation of super-volatile ices. Though perceived on several comets,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-31 Xian Shi , Xuanyu Hu , Jessica Agarwal , Carsten Güttler , Martin Rose , Horst Uwe Keller , Marco Fulle , Jakob Deller , Holger Sierks

The steady-state population of bodies resulting from a collisional cascade depends on how material strength varies with size. We find a simple expression for the power-law index of the population, given a power law that describes how…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-15 David P. O'Brien , Richard Greenberg

All cometary nuclei that formed in the early Solar System incorporated radionuclides and therefore were subject to internal radiogenic heating. Previous work predicts that if comets have a pebble-pile structure internal temperature build-up…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-12 James E. Robinson , Uri Malamud , Cyrielle Opitom , Hagai Perets , Jürgen Blum

The so-called "early activity" of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko has been observed to originate mostly in parts of the concave region or "neck" between its two lobes. Since activity is driven by the sublimation of volatiles, this is a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-11 V. Alí-Lagoa , M. Delbo' , G. Libourel

We test the hypothesis that the apparent axis ratio of an elliptical galaxy is correlated with the age of its stellar population. We find that old ellipticals (with estimated stellar ages t > 7.5 Gyr) are rounder on average than younger…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Barbara S. Ryden , Duncan A. Forbes , A. I. Terlevich

This study provides a continuous ephemeris reconstruction for comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by reanalyzing Rosetta radiometric measurements and Earth-based astrometry. Given the comet-to-spacecraft relative trajectory provided by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-13 Riccardo Lasagni Manghi , Marco Zannoni , Paolo Tortora , Frank Budnik , Bernard Godard , Nicholas Attree

Thanks to Rosetta orbiter's and Philae lander's data our knowledge of cometary nuclei composition has experienced a great advancement. The properties of 67P/CG nucleus are discussed and compared with other comets explored in the past by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-07 Gianrico Filacchione , Mauro Ciarniello , Sonia Fornasier , Andrea Raponi

Via joint analysis of a calibrated telescopic survey, which found scattering Kuiper Belt objects, and models of their expected orbital distribution, we measure the form of the scattering object's size distribution. Ruling out a single…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-01 C. Shankman , B. Gladman , N. Kaib , J. J. Kavelaars , J. -M. Petit

In this work, we present results that simultaneously constrain the dust size distribution, dust-to-gas ratio, fraction of dust re-deposition, and total mass production rates for comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. We use a 3D Direct Simulation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-11 Raphael Marschall , Johannes Markkanen , Selina-Barbara Gerig , Olga Pinzón-Rodríguez , Nicolas Thomas , Jong-Shinn Wu

Context. The first long-term in-situ observation of the plasma environment in the vicinity of a comet, as provided by the European Rosetta spacecraft. Aims. Here we offer characterisation of the solar wind flow near…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-16 E. Behar , J. Lindkvist , H. Nilsson , M. Holmström , G. Stenberg Wieser , R. Ramstad , C. Goetz

Comets, asteroids, and other small bodies are thought to be remnants of the original planetesimal population of the Solar System. As such, their physical, chemical, and isotopic properties hold crucial details on how and where they formed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-30 Raphael Marschall , Alessandro Morbidelli , Yves Marrocchi

Main-belt asteroids have been continuously colliding with one another since they were formed. Its size distribution is primarily determined by the size dependence of asteroid strength against catastrophic impacts. The strength scaling law…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Tsuyoshi Terai , Jun Takahashi , Yoichi Itoh

Dust transport and deposition behind larger boulders on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G) have been observed by the Rosetta mission. We present a mechanism for dust transport vectors based on a homogenous surface activity model…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-28 Tobias Kramer , Matthias Noack

The Kepler mission enabled us to look at the intrinsic population of exoplanets within our galaxy. In period-radius space, the distribution of the intrinsic population of planets contains structure that can trace planet formation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-24 Anne Dattilo , Natalie M. Batalha

Pluto's surface displays a wide variety of geologic units from smooth plains to extremely rugged mountainous expanses. These terrains range in age from young, actively resurfaced regions (no observable craters even in the highest-resolution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-03 Kelsi N. Singer , Oliver L. White , Sarah Greenstreet , Jeffrey M. Moore , David A. Williams , Rosaly M. C. Lopes

We use the gravitational instability formation scenario of cometesimals to derive the aggregate size that can be released by the gas pressure from the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for different heliocentric distances and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-11 B. Gundlach , J. Blum , H. U. Keller , Y. V. Skorov

An influence of the non-gravitational effects on the motion of short-period comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is investigated. It was found that the normal component of the non-gravitational force exceeds the transverse one and a model of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Malgorzata Krolikowska

Abridged. We have performed an ecliptic survey of the Kuiper belt, with an areal coverage of 8.9 square degrees to a 50% limiting magnitude of r'=24.7, and have detected 88 Kuiper belt objects, roughly half of which received follow-up one…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Wesley C. Fraser , Michael E. Brown , Megan E. Schwamb

The data obtained in the recent Rosetta space mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko have had a profound impact on the understanding of the nature of comets. In addition to revising the notions on the physical properties and structure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-24 V. V. Emel'yanenko