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We prove that the difference between the paint number and the choice number of a complete bipartite graph $K_{N,N}$ is $\Theta(\log \log N )$. That answers the question of Zhu (2009) whether this difference, for all graphs, can be bounded…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-17 Lech Duraj , Grzegorz Gutowski , Jakub Kozik

Motivated by non-local games and quantum coloring problems, we introduce a graph homomorphism game between quantum graphs and classical graphs. This game is naturally cast as a "quantum-classical game"--that is, a non-local game of two…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Michael Brannan , Priyanga Ganesan , Samuel J. Harris

We consider the graph coloring game, a game in which two players take turns properly coloring the vertices of a graph, with one player attempting to complete a proper coloring, and the other player attempting to prevent a proper coloring.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Peter Bradshaw

In a colouring of a graph, a vertex is b-chromatic if it is adjacent to a vertex of every other colour. We consider four well-studied colouring problems: b-Chromatic Number, Tight b-Chromatic Number, Fall Chromatic Number and Fall…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Jungho Ahn , Tala Eagling-Vose , Felicia Lucke , David Manlove , Fabricio Mendoza , Daniël Paulusma

A $k$-coloring of a tournament is a partition of its vertices into $k$ acyclic sets. Deciding if a tournament is 2-colorable is NP-hard. A natural problem, akin to that of coloring a 3-colorable graph with few colors, is to color a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Felix Klingelhoefer , Alantha Newman

We consider the following game, played on a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$. There are $q$ colors available and two players take it in turns to color vertices. A partial coloring is proper if no edge is mono-chromatic. One player, A, wishes to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-11 Debsoumya Chakraborti , Alan Frieze , Mihir Hasabnis

Let $t\geqslant 2$ and $s\geqslant 1$ be two integers. Define a $(t,s)$-coloring of a hypergraph to be a coloring of its vertices using $t$ colors such that each color appears on each edge at least $s$ times. In this note, we provide a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-14 Yandong Bai

Total variant of well known graph coloring game is considered. We determine exact values of total game chromatic number for some classes of graphs and show show the strategie for first player to win the game. We also show relation between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-30 Tomasz Bartnicki , Zofia Miechowicz

Call a colouring of a graph distinguishing if the only automorphism which preserves it is the identity. We investigate the role of the Axiom of Choice in the existence of certain proper or distinguishing colourings in both vertex and edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-05 Marcin Stawiski

A vertex colouring of a graph is called asymmetric if the only automorphism which preserves it is the identity. Tucker conjectured that if every automorphism of a connected, locally finite graph moves infinitely many vertices, then there is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Florian Lehner , Monika Pilśniak , Marcin Stawiski

We study a graph coloring problem motivated by a fun Sudoku-style puzzle. Given a bipartition of the edges of a graph into {\em near} and {\em far} sets and an integer threshold $t$, a {\em threshold-coloring} of the graph is an assignment…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-03-07 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Stephen G. Kobourov , Sergey Pupyrev , Jakson Toeniskoetter

A lambda colouring (or $L(2,1)-$colouring) of a graph is an assignment of non-negative integers (with minimum assignment $0$) to its vertices such that the adjacent vertices must receive integers at least two apart and vertices at distance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-07 Kaushik Majumder , Ushnish Sarkar

A constrained colouring or, more specifically, an $(\alpha,\beta)$-colouring of a hypergraph $H$, is an assignment of colours to its vertices such that no edge of $H$ contains less than $\alpha$ or more than $\beta$ vertices with different…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-10 Yair Caro , Josef Lauri , Christina Zarb

A homomorphism from a graph $X$ to a graph $Y$ is an adjacency preserving mapping $f:V(X) \rightarrow V(Y)$. We consider a nonlocal game in which Alice and Bob are trying to convince a verifier with certainty that a graph $X$ admits a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Laura Mančinska , David E. Roberson

We introduce two novel evolutionary formulations of the problem of coloring the nodes of a graph. The first formulation is based on the relationship that exists between a graph's chromatic number and its acyclic orientations. It views such…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 V. C. Barbosa , C. A. G. Assis , J. O. do Nascimento

A {\em packing coloring} of a graph $G$ is a mapping assigning a positive integer (a color) to every vertex of $G$ such that every two vertices of color $k$ are at distance at least $k+1$. The least number of colors needed for a packing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-22 Petr Gregor , Jaka Kranjc , Borut Lužar , Kenny Štorgel

We look at colourings of $r$-uniform hypergraphs, focusing our attention on unique colourability and gaps in the chromatic spectrum. The pattern of an edge $E$ in an $r$-uniform hypergraph $H$ whose vertices are coloured is the partition of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-17 Yair Caro , Josef Lauri , Christina Zarb

We investigate proper $(a:b)$-fractional colorings of $n$-uniform hypergraphs, which generalize traditional integer colorings of graphs. Each vertex is assigned $b$ distinct colors from a set of $a$ colors, and an edge is properly colored…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Margarita Akhmejanova , Sean Longbrake

The Colouring problem asks whether the vertices of a graph can be coloured with at most $k$ colours for a given integer $k$ in such a way that no two adjacent vertices receive the same colour. A graph is $(H_1,H_2)$-free if it has no…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Konrad Dabrowski , Daniel Paulusma

We introduce a dynamic version of the graph coloring problem and prove its fixed-parameter tractability with respect to the edit-parameter. This is used to present a {\em turbo-charged} heuristic for the problem that works by combining the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Faisal N. Abu-Khzam , Bachir M. Chahine
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