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The fundamental noise limit of a phase-preserving amplifier at frequency $\omega /2\pi $ is the standard quantum limit $T_{q}=\hbar \omega /2k_{B}$. In the microwave range, the best candidates have been amplifiers based on superconducting…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-06-03 Pasi Lähteenmäki , Visa Vesterinen , Juha Hassel , Heikki Seppä , Pertti Hakonen

Superconducting parametric amplifiers are crucial components in microwave quantum circuits for enabling quantum-limited signal readout. The best-performing such amplifiers are often based on Josephson junctions, which however are sensitive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-17 Mingrui Xu , Risheng Cheng , Yufeng Wu , Gangqiang Liu , Hong X. Tang

We demonstrate a high-frequency generator operating at ~200GHz based on flipping a semifluxon in a Josephson junction of moderate normalized length. The semifluxon spontaneously appears at the $\pi$ discontinuity of the Josephson phase…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-02-14 M. Paramonov , M. Yu. Fominsky , V. P. Koshelets , B. Neumeier , D. Koelle , R. Kleiner , E. Goldobin

We propose a threshold detector with an operation principle, based on a parametric period-doubling bifurcation in an externally pumped nonlinear resonance circuit. The ac-driven resonance circuit includes a dc-current-biased Josephson…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Alexander B. Zorin , Yuriy Makhlin

Josephson junction parametric amplifiers have become essential tools for microwave quantum circuit readout with minimal added noise. Even after improving at an impressive rate in the last decade, they remain vulnerable to magnetic field,…

Quantum-limited amplifiers, such as Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs) and Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs), are essential components in quantum computers. They amplify low-power microwave signals from qubits at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Emre Küçükyılmaz , Mehmet Ünlü , Ali Bozbey

We demonstrate a 3-port Josephson parametric circulator, matched to 50 Ohm using second order Chebyshev networks. The device notably operates with two of its signal ports at the same frequency and uses only two out-of-phase pumps at a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-31 Randy Kwende , Theodore White , Ofer Naaman

The axion search experiments in the microwave frequency range require high sensitive detectors with intrinsic noise close to quantum noise limit. Josephson parametric amplifiers (JPAs) are the most valuable candidates for the role of the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-09-04 Minsu Ko , Sergey V. Uchaikin , Boris I. Ivanov , JinMyeong Kim , Seonjeong Oh , Violeta Gkika , Yannis K. Semertzidis

We designed and fabricated an impedance matched Josephson junction parametric amplifier (JPA) working in the flux-pump mode for the broadband amplification of microwave signals. We developed a very simple fabrication method suitable for a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Rui Yang , Hui Deng

Recent progress in solid state quantum information processing has stimulated the search for ultra-low-noise amplifiers and frequency converters in the microwave frequency range, which could attain the ultimate limit imposed by quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 N. Bergeal , F. Schackert , M. Metcalfe , R. Vijay , V. E. Manucharyan , L. Frunzio , D. E. Prober , R. J. Schoelkopf , S. M. Girvin , M. H. Devoret

Josephson parametric converters (JPCs) are superconducting devices capable of performing nondegenerate, three-wave mixing in the microwave domain without losses. One drawback limiting their use in scalable quantum architectures is the large…

Superconductivity · Physics 2017-02-22 Baleegh Abdo , Jose M. Chavez-Garcia , Markus Brink , George Keefe , Jerry M. Chow

Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPA) are nonlinear devices that are used for quantum sensing and qubit readout in the microwave regime. While JPAs regularly operate in the quantum limit, their gain saturates for very small (few photons)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-18 Chenxu Liu , Tzu-Chiao Chien , Michael Hatridge , David Pekker

This paper presents a detailed theoretical review of the amplification process in Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPAs), which are crucial for quantum-limited signal amplification in superconducting circuits. The paper begins by outlining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-31 Rajlaxmi Bhoite , Shraddhanjali Choudhury

The use of superconducting micro-resonators in combination with quantum-limited Josephson parametric amplifiers has in recent years lead to more than four orders of magnitude improvement in the sensitivity of pulsed Electron Spin Resonance…

We describe a dispersive nanoSQUID magnetometer comprised of two variable thickness aluminum weak-link Josephson junctions shunted in parallel with an on-chip capacitor. This arrangement forms a nonlinear oscillator with a tunable 4-8 GHz…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-04-16 E. M. Levenson-Falk , R. Vijay , N. Antler , I. Siddiqi

We demonstrate a high dynamic range Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) in which the active nonlinear element is implemented using an array of rf-SQUIDs. The device is matched to the 50 $\Omega$ environment with a Klopfenstein-taper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-04 T. C. White , Alex Opremcak , George Sterling , Alexander Korotkov , Daniel Sank , Rajeev Acharya , Markus Ansmann , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Joseph C. Bardin , Andreas Bengtsson , Alexandre Bourassa , Jenna Bovaird , Leon Brill , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Tim Burger , Brian Burkett , Nicholas Bushnell , Zijun Chen , Ben Chiaro , Josh Cogan , Roberto Collins , Alexander L. Crook , Ben Curtin , Sean Demura , Andrew Dunsworth , Catherine Erickson , Reza Fatemi , Leslie Flores-Burgos , Ebrahim Forati , Brooks Foxen , William Giang , Marissa Giustina , Alejandro Grajales Dau , Michael C. Hamilton , Sean D. Harrington , Jeremy Hilton , Markus Hoffmann , Sabrina Hong , Trent Huang , Ashley Huff , Justin Iveland , Evan Jeffrey , Márika Kieferová , Seon Kim , Paul V. Klimov , Fedor Kostritsa , John Mark Kreikebaum , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Lily Laws , Kenny Lee , Brian J. Lester , Alexander Lill , Wayne Liu , Aditya Locharla , Erik Lucero , Trevor McCourt , Matt McEwen , Xiao Mi , Kevin C. Miao , Shirin Montazeri , Alexis Morvan , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Ani Nersisyan , Jiun How Ng , Anthony Nguyen , Murray Nguyen , Rebecca Potter , Chris Quintana , Pedram Roushan , Kannan Sankaragomathi , Kevin J. Satzinger , Christopher Schuster , Michael J. Shearn , Aaron Shorter , Vladimir Shvarts , Jindra Skruzny , W. Clarke Smith , Marco Szalay , Alfredo Torres , Bryan Woo , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Juhwan Yoo , Grayson Young , Ningfeng Zhu , Nicholas Zobrist , Yu Chen , Anthony Megrant , Julian Kelly , Ofer Naaman

We present a quantum mechanical model for a four-wave mixing Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier including substrate losses and associated thermal fluctuations. Under the assumption of a strong undepleted classical pump tone, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Yongjie Yuan , Michael Haider , Johannes A. Russer , Peter Russer , Christian Jirauschek

The nonlinear inductance of the Josephson junction has enabled the development of a wide range of continuous-variable amplifiers and qubit-based devices with unprecedented sensitivity. We present an alternative use of the Josephson junction…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-12 Andrew K. Yi , Pamela Stark , Chelsea Bartram

Many experiments operating at millikelvin temperatures with signal frequencies in the microwave regime are beginning to incorporate Josephson Parametric Amplifiers (JPA) as their first amplification stage. While there are implementations…

The authors report on the design and measurement of a reflective single-pole single-throw microwave switch with no internal power dissipation, based on a superconducting circuit containing a single Josephson junction. The data demonstrate…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-10-26 O. Naaman , M. O. Abutaleb , C. Kirby , M. Rennie