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We use the tidal deformations of the Moon induced by the Earth and the Sun as a tool for studying the inner structure of our satellite. Based on measurements of the degree-two tidal Love numbers k2 and h2 and dissipation coefficients from…

Prior to the invention of the telescope many astronomers worked out theories of the motion of the Moon. The purpose of such theories was to be able to predict the position of the Moon in the sky. These geometrical models implied a certain…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-07-22 Kevin Krisciunas

In the giant impact hypothesis for lunar origin, the Moon accreted from an equatorial circum-terrestrial disk; however the current lunar orbital inclination of 5 degrees requires a subsequent dynamical process that is still debated. In…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-12 Matija Ćuk , Douglas P. Hamilton , Simon J. Lock , Sarah T. Stewart

Parameterised by the Love number $k_2$ and the tidal quality factor $Q$, and inferred from lunar laser ranging (LLR), tidal dissipation in the Moon follows an unexpected frequency dependence often interpreted as evidence for a highly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 Michaela Walterová , Marie Běhounková , Michael Efroimsky

We investigate the possibility that the Moon develops an electric potential originating from the impinging particles on the Moon from cosmic rays and solar wind. The investigation includes all experimental data of the flux of charged…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-08-13 M. J. Simon , J. Ulbricht

Tidal force plays an important role in the evolution of the planet-moon system. The tidal force of a moon can excite seismic waves in the planet it is orbiting. A tidal-seismic resonance is expected when a tidal force frequency matches a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Yuan Tian , Yingcai Zheng

We address the thermal history of the Earth after the Moon-forming impact, taking tidal heating and thermal blanketing by the atmosphere into account. The atmosphere sets an upper bound of ~100 W/m^2 on how quickly the Earth can cool. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-07 Kevin J. Zahnle , Roxana Lupu , Anthony Dobrovolskis , Norman H. Sleep

The Moon is generally thought to have formed from the debris ejected by the impact of a planet-sized object with the proto-Earth towards the end of planetary accretion. Modeling of the impact process predicts that the lunar material was…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-19 Kaveh Pahlevan , Alessandro Morbidelli

We show that for a transiting exoplanet accompanied by a moon which also transits, the absolute masses and radii of the star, planet and moon are determinable. For a planet-star system, it is well known that the density of the star is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 David M. Kipping

In the companion paper ("Erosion rate of lunar soil under a landing rocket, part 1: identifying the rate-limiting physics", this issue) an equation was developed for the rate that lunar soil erodes under the exhaust of a landing rocket.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-28 Philip Metzger

The aim of this work is to combine the model of orbital and rotational motion of the Moon developed for DE430 with up-to-date astronomical, geodynamical, and geo- and selenophysical models. The parameters of the orbit and physical libration…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-31 Dmitry A. Pavlov , James G. Williams , Vladimir V. Suvorkin

Similarities in the non-mass dependent isotopic composition of refractory elements with the bulk silicate Earth suggest that both the Earth and the Moon formed from the same material reservoir. On the other hand, the Moon's volatile…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-03 Gustavo Madeira , Leandro Esteves , Sebastien Charnoz , Elena Lega , Frederic Moynier

It is known that most of the craters on the surface of the Moon were created by the collision of minor bodies of the Solar System. Main Belt Asteroids, which can approach the terrestrial planets as a consequence of different types of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-12 Elisa Maria Alessi , Gerard Gómez , Josep J. Masdemont

An analytical solution in a closed form is obtained for the three-dimensional elastic strain distribution in an unlimited medium containing an inclusion with a coordinate-dependent lattice mismatch (an eigenstrain). Quantum dots consisting…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 A. V. Nenashev , A. V. Dvurechenskii

The attraction of the Moon on objects at the surface of the Earth gives rise to a so-called tidal force which is of the order of 1/10,000,000 times the gravitational force of the Earth. For instance, when the Moon is located between the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 Marcel Betrisey , Bertrand M. Roehner

Using viscoelastic mass spring model simulations to track heat distribution inside a tidally perturbed body, we measure the asymmetry of heating in the crust of a spin synchronous Moon in eccentric orbit about the Earth. With the Moon…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-01 Alice C. Quillen , Larkin Martini , Miki Nakajima

The Earth--Moon system has been experiencing impacts from asteroids and comets for billions of years. The Moon, as an airless body, has preserved a distinct record of these events in form of impact craters and ejecta deposits, offering…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-16 Yifei Jiao , Bin Cheng , Hexi Baoyin

Here we critically examine the geophysical and geochemical properties of the Moon in order to identify the extent to which dynamical scenarios satisfy these observations. New joint inversions of existing lunar geophysical data (mean mass,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-22 Paolo A. Sossi , Miki Nakajima , Amir Khan

I derived an equation to describe the dependence of Moon orbit radius around the Earth. I obtained the radius changes with time according to a scaling equation, Moon orbit radius is proportional to power 2/5 of the Moon age. Using the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-02-09 Mikrajuddin Abdullah

We discuss the roles of continuum linear elasticity and atomistic calculations in determining the formation volume and the strain energy of formation of a point defect in a crystal. Our considerations bear special relevance to defect…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Garikipati , M. L. Falk , M. Bouville , B. Puchala , H. Narayanan
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