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Motivated by satisfiability of constraints with function symbols, we consider numerical inequalities on non-negative integers. The constraints we consider are a conjunction of a linear system Ax = b and a conjunction of (non-)convex…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Rodrigo Raya , Jad Hamza , Viktor Kunčak

We determine the exact threshold of satisfiability for random instances of a particular NP-complete constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). This is the first random CSP model for which we have determined a precise linear satisfiability…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-02-06 Harold Connamacher , Michael Molloy

This paper accompanies a new dataset of non-linear real arithmetic problems for the SMT-LIB benchmark collection. The problems come from an automated proof procedure of Gerhold--Kauers, which is well suited for solution by SMT. The problems…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Ali K. Uncu , James H. Davenport , Matthew England

The following paper proposes a new approach to determine whether a logical (CNF) formula is satisfiable or not using probability theory methods. Furthermore, we will introduce an algorithm that speeds up the standard solution for (CNF-SAT)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Hazem J. Alkhatib , Majd N. Bohssas , Rawad H. Hatem , Odey N. Kassam Alhennawi

Encoding constraints into neural networks is attractive. This paper studies how to introduce the popular positive linear satisfiability to neural networks. We propose the first differentiable satisfiability layer based on an extension of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Runzhong Wang , Yunhao Zhang , Ziao Guo , Tianyi Chen , Xiaokang Yang , Junchi Yan

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a linear dimensionality reduction technique for nonnegative data, with applications such as hyperspectral unmixing and topic modeling. NMF is a difficult problem in general (NP-hard), and its…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Junjun Pan , Valentin Leplat , Michael Ng , Nicolas Gillis

A numerical method for the quasi-neutral two-fluid (QNTF) plasma model is described. The basic equations are ion and electron fluid equations and the Maxwell equations without displacement current. The neglect of displacement current is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-08-03 Takanobu Amano

For regularized optimization that minimizes the sum of a smooth term and a regularizer that promotes structured solutions, inexact proximal-Newton-type methods, or successive quadratic approximation (SQA) methods, are widely used for their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-02 Ching-pei Lee

Machine learning approaches to solving Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) aim to replace handcrafted heuristics with learning-based models. Graph Neural Networks have emerged as the main architecture for SAT solving, due to the natural graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Saku Peltonen , Roger Wattenhofer

This paper addresses the problem of solving nonlinear systems in the context of symmetric quantum signal processing (QSP), a powerful technique for implementing matrix functions on quantum computers. Symmetric QSP focuses on representing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Yulong Dong , Lin Lin , Hongkang Ni , Jiasu Wang

Satisfiability-based automated reasoning is an approach that is being successfully used in software engineering to validate complex software, including for safety-critical systems. Such reasoning underlies many validation activities, from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Nick Feng , Lina Marsso , Marsha Chechik

Inspired by long-standing open problems in algebraic combinatorics, we show that modern machine learning can meaningfully contribute to verifiable mathematical discoveries. In particular, we focus on the construction of simple mathematical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Eugenio Cainelli , Lorenzo Luccioli , Alessandro Iraci , Michele D'Adderio , Giovanni Paolini

We study the problem of representing multivariate polynomials with rational coefficients, which are nonnegative and strictly positive on finite semialgebraic sets, using rational sums of squares. We focus on the case of finite semialgebraic…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Lorenzo Baldi , Teresa Krick , Bernard Mourrain

Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solvers check the satisfiability of quantifier-free first-order logic formulas. We consider the theory of non-linear real arithmetic where the formulae are logical combinations of polynomial constraints.…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Jasper Nalbach , Erika Ábrahám , Philippe Specht , Christopher W. Brown , James H. Davenport , Matthew England

We introduce the problem of finding a satisfying assignment to a CNF formula that must further belong to a prescribed input subspace. Equivalent formulations of the problem include finding a point outside a union of subspaces (the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Vikraman Arvind , Venkatesan Guruswami

Quantum k-SAT (the problem of determining whether a k-local Hamiltonian is frustration-free) is known to be QMA_1-complete for k >= 3, and hence likely hard for quantum computers to solve. Building on a classical result of Alon and Shapira,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Ashley Montanaro , Changpeng Shao , Dominic Verdon

We obtain the smallest unsatisfiable formulas in subclasses of $k$-CNF (exactly $k$ distinct literals per clause) with bounded variable or literal occurrences. Smaller unsatisfiable formulas of this type translate into stronger…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Tianwei Zhang , Tomáš Peitl , Stefan Szeider

Nonlinear matrix equations arise in many practical contexts related to control theory, dynamical programming and finite element methods for solving some partial differential equations. In most of these applications, it is needed to compute…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-10-22 Negin Bagherpour , Nezam Mahdavi-Amiri

The Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem lies at the core of many applications in combinatorial optimization, software verification, cryptography, and machine learning. While state-of-the-art solvers have demonstrated high efficiency in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhiwei Zhang , Samy Wu Fung , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Stanley Osher , Moshe Y. Vardi

Graph generation and enumeration problems often require handling equivalent graphs -- those that differ only in vertex labeling. We study how to extend SAT Modulo Symmetries (SMS), a framework for eliminating such redundant graphs, to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Mikoláš Janota , Markus Kirchweger , Tomáš Peitl , Stefan Szeider