Related papers: Invariant universality for quandles and fields
We indicate a way of distinguishing between structures, for which, we call two structures distinguishable. Roughly, being distinguishable means that they differ in the number of realizations each gives for some formula. Being…
Transductions are binary relations of finite words. For rational transductions, i.e., transductions defined by finite transducers, the inclusion, equivalence and sequential uniformisation problems are known to be undecidable. In this paper,…
The question of embedding fields into central simple algebras $B$ over a number field $K$ was the realm of class field theory. The subject of embedding orders contained in the ring of integers of maximal subfields $L$ of such an algebra…
The irreducible alternative superbimodules are studied. The complete classification is obtained for even bimodules of arbitrary dimension and for finite-dimensional irreducible superbimodules over an algebraically closed field.
Various topics concerning the entanglement of composite quantum systems are considered with particular emphasis concerning the strict relations of such a problem with the one of attributing objective properties to the constituents. Most of…
We consider the space of countable structures with fixed underlying set in a given countable language. We show that the number of ergodic probability measures on this space that are $S_\infty$-invariant and concentrated on a single…
Normal numbers were introduced by Borel and later proven to be a weak notion of algorithmic randomness. We introduce here a natural relativization of normality based on generalized number representation systems. We explore the concepts of…
The quandle homology theory is generalized to the case when the coefficient groups admit the structure of Alexander quandles, by including an action of the infinite cyclic group in the boundary operator. Theories of Alexander extensions of…
Kendall transformation is a conversion of an ordered feature into a vector of pairwise order relations between individual values. This way, it preserves ranking of observations and represents it in a categorical form. Such transformation…
Racks and quandles are algebraic structures with a single binary operation that is right self-distributive and right invertible, and additionally idempotent in the case of quandles. The invertibility condition is equivalent to the existence…
Quandles are self-distributive, right-invertible, idempotent algebras. A group with conjugation for binary operation is an example of a quandle. Given a quandle $(Q, \ast)$ and a positive integer $n$, define $a\ast_n b = (\cdots (a\ast…
We introduce the notion of quasi-triviality of quandles and define homology of quasi-trivial quandles. Quandle cocycle invariants are invariant under link-homotopy if they are associated with 2-cocycles of quasi-trivial quandles. We thus…
We study a strengthening of the notion of a universally meager set and its dual counterpart that strengthens the notion of a universally null set. We say that a subset $A$ of a perfect Polish space $X$ is countably perfectly meager…
Let $T$ be a complete theory of fields, possibly with extra structure. Suppose that model-theoretic algebraic closure agrees with field-theoretic algebraic closure, or more generally that model-theoretic algebraic closure has the exchange…
Let T be a tilting object in a triangulated category equivalent to the bounded derived category of a hereditary abelian category with finite dimensional homomorphism spaces and split idempotents. This text investigates the strong global…
The quantum entanglements are studied in terms of the invariants under local unitary transformations. A generalized formula of concurrence for $N$-dimensional quantum systems is presented. This generalized concurrence has potential…
In this paper we show that the fields of rational invariants over the irreducible components of the module varieties for an acyclic gentle algebra are purely transcendental extensions. Along the way, we exhibit for such fields of rational…
We explore indefinite causal order between events in the context of quasiclassical spacetimes in superposition. We introduce several new quantifiers to measure the degree of indefiniteness of the causal order for an arbitrary finite number…
We define a family of quiver representation-valued invariants of oriented classical and virtual knots and links associated to a choice of finite quandle $X$, abelian group $A$, set of quandle 2-cocycles $C\subset H^2_Q(x;A)$, choice of…
The polynomial invariants $q_d$ for a large class of smooth 4-manifolds are shown to satisfy universal relations. The relations reflect the possible genera of embedded surfaces in the 4-manifold and lead to a structure theorem for the…