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Given a graph $G$, a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is a Berge copy of $F$ if $V(G)\subset V(\mathcal{H})$ and there is a bijection $f:E(G)\rightarrow E(\mathcal{H})$ such that for any edge $e$ of $G$ we have $e\subset f(e)$. We study Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-07 Dániel Gerbner

Given graphs $G$ and $H$, we say $G \stackrel{r}{\to} H$ if every $r$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. Let $H[t]$ denote the $t$-blowup of $H$. The blowup Ramsey number $B(G \stackrel{r}{\to} H;t)$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-29 António Girão , Robert Hancock

The star-critical Ramsey number is a refinement of the concept of a Ramsey number. In this paper, we give equivalent criteria for which the star-critical Ramsey number vanishes. Next, we provide a new general lower bound for multicolor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Mark Budden , Yash Shamsundar Khobragade , Siddhartha Sarkar

A question of Erd\H{o}s asks if for every pair of positive integers $r$ and $k$, there exists a graph $H$ having $\textrm{girth}(H)=k$ and the property that every $r$-colouring of the edges of $H$ yields a monochromatic cycle $C_k$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-19 H. Hàn , T. Retter , V. Rödl , M. Schacht

Given a graph $G$ and a positive integer $k$, define the \emph{Gallai-Ramsey number} to be the minimum number of vertices $n$ such that any $k$-edge coloring of $K_n$ contains either a rainbow (all different colored) triangle or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-28 Zhao Wang , Yaping Mao , Colton Magnant , Jinyu Zou

In this paper, we prove that for every $k$ and every graph $H$ with $m$ edges and no isolated vertices, the Ramsey number $R(C_k,H)$ is at most $2m+\lfloor \frac{k-1}{2} \rfloor$, provided $m$ is sufficiently large with respect to $k$. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Stijn Cambie , Andrea Freschi , Patryk Morawski , Kalina Petrova , Alexey Pokrovskiy

Recently, asymptotic values of 2-color Ramsey numbers for loose cycles and also loose paths were determined. Here we determine the 2-color Ramsey number of 3-uniform loose paths when one of the paths is significantly larger than the other:…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-06 Leila Maherani , Gholamreza Omidi , Ghaffar Raeisi , Maryam Shahsiah

The generalized Ramsey number $f(n, p, q)$ is the smallest number of colors needed to color the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ so that every $p$-clique spans at least $q$ colors. Erd\H{o}s and Gy\'arf\'as showed that $f(n, p, q)$ grows…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-14 Patrick Bennett , Ryan Cushman , Andrzej Dudek

For two graphs $G^<$ and $H^<$ with linearly ordered vertex sets, the ordered Ramsey number $r_<(G^<,H^<)$ is the minimum $N$ such that every red-blue coloring of the edges of the ordered complete graph on $N$ vertices contains a red copy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-12 Martin Balko , Marian Poljak

Given a pair of graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $R(G,H)$ is the smallest $N$ such that every red-blue coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_N$ contains a red copy of $G$ or a blue copy of $H$. If a graph $G$ is connected, it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-09 Igor Balla , Alexey Pokrovskiy , Benny Sudakov

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, the $k$-colored Gallai-Ramsey number $gr_k(G : H)$ is defined to be the minimum integer $n$ such that every $k$-coloring of the complete graph on $n$ vertices contains either a rainbow copy of $G$ or a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-16 Xihe Li , Ligong Wang

For edge-ordered graphs $G^{\prec}$ and $H^{\prec}$, the size edge-ordered Ramsey number $\hat{r}_{\text{edge}}(G^{\prec}, H^{\prec})$ is defined as the smallest integer $m$ for which there exists an edge-ordered graph $F^{\prec}$ (with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Yanyan Song , Yaping Mao

An ordered graph $\mathcal{G}$ is a simple graph together with a total ordering on its vertices. The (2-color) Ramsey number of $\mathcal{G}$ is the smallest integer $N$ such that every 2-coloring of the edges of the complete ordered graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Jesse Geneson , Amber Holmes , Xujun Liu , Dana Neidinger , Yanitsa Pehova , Isaac Wass

We study quantitative aspects of the following fact: For every graph $F$, there exists a graph $G$ with the property that any $2$-coloring of the triangles of $G$ yields an induced copy of $F$, in which all triangles are monochromatic. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-21 Ayush Basu , Vojtěch Rödl , Marcelo Sales

For graphs $F_n$ and $G_n$ of order $n$, if $R(F_n, G_n)=(\chi(G_n)-1)(n-1)+\sigma(G_n)$, then $F_n$ is said to be $G_n$-good, where $\sigma(G_n)$ is the minimum size of a color class among all proper vertex-colorings of $G_n$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-29 Chaoping Pei , Yusheng Li

In [5] Graham and Rothschild consider a geometric Ramsey problem: finding the least n such that if all edges of the complete graph on the points {+1,-1}^n are 2-colored, there exist 4 coplanar points such that the 6 edges between them are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Mikhail Lavrov , Mitchell Lee , John Mackey

For two given graphs $G$ and $H$ the planar Ramsey number $PR(G,H)$ is the smallest integer $n$ such that every planar graph $F$ on $n$ vertices either contains a copy of $G$, or its complement contains a copy of $H$. In this paper, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-25 Chen Yaojun , Miao Zhengke , Zhou Guofei

A graph $G$ is $q$-Ramsey for another graph $H$ if in any $q$-edge-colouring of $G$ there is a monochromatic copy of $H$, and the classic Ramsey problem asks for the minimum number of vertices in such a graph. This was broadened in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Simona Boyadzhiyska , Dennis Clemens , Shagnik Das , Pranshu Gupta

The $k$-colour bipartite Ramsey number of a bipartite graph $H$ is the least integer $n$ for which every $k$-edge-coloured complete bipartite graph $K_{n,n}$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of bipartite Ramsey numbers was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-07 Matija Bucić , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov

Given graphs $G$ and $H$, we say that $G$ is $H$-$good$ if the Ramsey number $R(G,H)$ equals the trivial lower bound $(|G| - 1)(\chi(H) - 1) + \sigma(H)$, where $\chi(H)$ denotes the usual chromatic number of $H$, and $\sigma(H)$ denotes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Fábio Botler , Luiz Moreira , João Pedro de Souza