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The Challan instrument is a solar full-disk imaging spectroscopic telescope planned to be installed at three sites with a 120-degree longitudinal difference, enabling continuous 24-hour observations of the Sun. It will take data every 2.5…

Solar radio observations provide a unique diagnostic of the outer solar atmosphere. However, the inhomogeneous turbulent corona strongly affects the propagation of the emitted radio waves, so decoupling the intrinsic properties of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-22 E. P. Kontar , S. Yu , A. A. Kuznetsov , A. G. Emslie , B. Alcock , N. L. S. Jeffrey , V. N. Melnik , N. H. Bian , P. Subramanian

The new generation of low radio-frequency interferometric arrays have enabled the imaging of the solar corona at high spectro-temporal resolutions and sensitivity. In this article we introduce and implement a formalism to generate flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-31 Atul Mohan , Divya Oberoi

Millimter (mm) frequencies are primarily sensitive to thermal emission from layers across the stellar chromosphere up to the transition region, while metrewave (radio) frequencies probe the coronal heights. Together the mm and radio band…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-16 Atul Mohan

Type I noise storms constitute a sizeable faction of the active-Sun radio emission component. Observations of isolated instances of such bursts, in the swept-frequency-mode at metric wavelengths, have remained sparse, with several unfilled…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. A. Shanmugha Sundaram , K. R. Subramanian

Earth-based observations are complicated by the opacity of Earth's ionosphere at very low frequencies and strong man-made radio frequency interference. This explains long standing interest in building a low frequency radio telescope on the…

Solar radio bursts are important signatures of dynamic processes in the solar corona, including particle acceleration and shock propagation associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Among the missions that report solar radio…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-02 G. L. S. S. Liyanage , J. Adassuriya , K. P. S. C. Jayaratne , C. Monstein , P. K. Manoharan

Recent developments in astronomical radio telescopes opened new opportunities in imaging and spectroscopy of solar radio bursts at sub-second timescales. Imaging in narrow frequency bands has revealed temporal variations in the positions…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-16 Xingyao Chen , Eduard P. Kontar , Nicolina Chrysaphi , Natasha L. S. Jeffrey , Mykola Gordovskyy , Yihua Yan , Baolin Tan

Solar radio spikes are short duration and narrow bandwidth fine structures in dynamic spectra observed from GHz to tens of MHz range. Their very short duration and narrow frequency bandwidth are indicative of sub-second small-scale energy…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-31 Daniel L. Clarkson , Eduard P. Kontar , Mykola Gordovskyy , Nicolina Chrysaphi , Nicole Vilmer

Radio bursts from the solar corona can provide clues to forecast space weather hazards. After recent technology advancements, regular monitoring of radio bursts has increased and large observational data sets are produced. Hence, manual…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-30 Dayal Singh , K. Sasikumar Raja , Prasad Subramanian , R. Ramesh , Christian Monstein

On November 4th 2015 secondary air traffic control radar was strongly disturbed in Sweden and some other European countries. The disturbances occurred when the radar antennas were pointing at the Sun. In this paper, we show that the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 C. Marqué , K. -L. Klein , C. Monstein , H. Opgenoorth , A. Pulkkinen , S. Buchert , S. Krucker , R. Van Hoof , P. Thulesen

This paper presents a detailed description of various subsystems of CALLISTO solar radio spectrograph installed at the USO/PRL. In the front-end system, a log periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) is designed for the frequency range of 40-900 MHz.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-06 Kushagra Upadhyay , Bhuwan Joshi , Prabir K. Mitra , Ramit Bhattacharyya , Divya Oberoi , Christian Monstein

The Solar Radiospectrograph of the University of Athens (ARTEMIS-IV) is in operation at the Thermopylae Satellite Communication Station since 1996. The observations extend from the base of the Solar Corona (650 MHz) to about 2 Solar Radii…

Radio spectroscopy provides a unique inspection perspective for solar and space weather research, which can reveal the plasma and energetic electron information in the solar corona and inner heliosphere. However, Radio-Frequency…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-22 Peijin Zhang , André R. Offringa , Pietro Zucca , Kamen Kozarev , Mattia Mancini

Solar radio bursts exhibit complex fine structures that reveal intricate coronal plasma dynamics. Here, we report detection of spike-like repeating burst pairs, characterized by two short-lived (0.1-2 s), narrowband components separated by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-28 Suli Ma , Eduard P. Kontar , Daniel L. Clarkson , Huadong Chen , Yihua Yan

Solar radio bursts are some of the brightest emissions at radio frequencies in the solar system. The emission mechanisms that generate these bursts offer a remote insight into physical processes in solar coronal plasma, while fine spectral…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-10 Pearse C. Murphy , Baptiste Cecconi , Carine Briand , Stéphane Aicardi

Based on the Chinese historical sunspots drawings, a data set consisting of the scanned images and all their digitized parameters from 1925 to 2015 have been constructed. In this paper, we briefly describe the developmental history of…

The "Frequency-Agile Solar Radiotelescope" (FASR) litteraly opens up a new dimension in addition to the 3D Euclidian geometry: the frequency dimension. The 3D geometry is degenerated to 2D in all images from astronomical telescopes, but the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Markus J. Aschwanden , David Alexander , Marc DeRosa

This work presents a systematic investigation of the influence of weather conditions on the calibration errors by using Gaussian fitness, least chi-square linear fitness and wavelet transform to analyze the calibration coefficients from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Chengming Tan , Yihua Yan , Baolin Tan , Qijun Fu , Yuying Liu , Guirong Xu

Solar radio observation is a method used to study the Sun. It is very important for space weather early warning and solar physics research to automatically classify solar radio spectrums in real time and judge whether there is a solar radio…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-07 Jian Chen , Guowu Yuan , Hao Zhou , Chengming Tan , Lei Yang , Siqi Li