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In this work, we have studied simple models that can be solved analytically to illustrate various fluctuation theorems. These fluctuation theorems provide symmetries individually to the distributions of physical quantities like the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-20 Mamata Sahoo , Sourabh Lahiri , A. M. Jayannavar

We study the statistics of work, dissipation, and entropy production of a quantum quasi-isothermal process, where the system remains close to the thermal equilibrium along the transformation. We derive a general analytic expression for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Matteo Scandi , Harry J. D. Miller , Janet Anders , Marti Perarnau-Llobet

Exploiting the relative entropy of coherence, we isolate the coherent contribution in the energetics of a driven non-equilibrium quantum system. We prove that a division of the irreversible work can be made into a coherent and incoherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-10 G. Francica , J. Goold , F. Plastina

Quantum fluctuations are fundamental in quantum technologies, affecting computing, sensing, cryptography, and thermodynamics. These include fluctuations in the variation of energy, charge, and other observables driven by interactions with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Thales Augusto Barbosa Pinto Silva , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky

Traditional quantum thermodynamic frameworks associate work to energy exchanges induced by unitary transformations generated by external controls, and heat to energy exchanges induced by bath interaction. Recently, a framework was…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Tiago F. F. Santos , Camille Latune

This article sets up a new formalism to investigate stochastic thermodynamics in the quantum regime, where stochasticity and irreversibility primarily come from quantum measurement. In the absence of any bath, we define a purely quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-16 Cyril Elouard , David Herrera-Martí , Maxime Clusel , Alexia Auffèves

This article traces the development of fluctuation theory and its deep connection to irreversibility, from equilibrium to near-equilibrium, and finally to far-from-equilibrium systems. Classical fluctuation theorems, which capture the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Sounak Bandyopadhyay , Arnab Ghosh

It has been recently claimed that no protocol for measuring quantum work can satisfy standard required physical principles, casting doubts on the compatibility between quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, and the classical limit. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-17 Thales Augusto Barbosa Pinto Silva , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky

One of the principal objectives of quantum thermodynamics is to explore quantum effects and their potential beneficial role in thermodynamic tasks like work extraction or refrigeration. So far, even though several papers have already shown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-22 C. L. Latune , I. Sinayskiy , F. Petruccione

The concept of work is studied in quantum thermostatistics of a system surrounded by an environment and driven by an external force. It is found that there emerges the gauge theoretical structure in a nonequilibrium process, the field of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Sumiyoshi Abe , Satoshi Kaneko

The probability densities of work that can be exerted on a quantum system initially staying in thermal equilibrium are constrained by the fluctuation relations of Jarzynski and Crooks, when the work is determined by two projective energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-20 Kosuke Ito , Peter Talkner , B. Prasanna Venkatesh , Gentaro Watanabe

Invasiveness of quantum measurements is a genuinely quantum mechanical feature that is not necessarily detrimental: Here we show how quantum measurements can be used to fuel a cooling engine. We illustrate quantum measurement cooling (QMC)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-02-27 Lorenzo Buffoni , Andrea Solfanelli , Paola Verrucchi , Alessandro Cuccoli , Michele Campisi

Quantum thermodynamic uncertainty relations establish fundamental trade-offs between the precision achievable in quantum systems and associated thermodynamic quantities such as entropy production or dynamical activity. While foundational,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Nobumasa Ishida , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

In quantum thermodynamics, the two-projective-measurement (TPM) scheme provides a successful description of stochastic work only in the absence of initial quantum coherence. Extending the quantum work distribution to quasiprobability is a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-09 Ji-Hui Pei , Jin-Fu Chen , H. T. Quan

We investigate the thermodynamic behavior of open quantum systems through the Hamiltonian of Mean Force, focusing on two models: a two-qubit system interacting with a thermal bath and a Jaynes-Cummings Model without the rotating wave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Neha Pathania , Devvrat Tiwari , Subhashish Banerjee

We present a theory of quantum work statistics in generic chaotic, disordered Fermi liquid systems within a driven random matrix formalism. By extending P. W. Anderson's orthogonality determinant formula to compute quantum work…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-03-16 András Grabarits , Márton Kormos , Izabella Lovas , Gergely Zaránd

A key objective in nuclear and high-energy physics is to describe nonequilibrium dynamics of matter, e.g., in the early universe and in particle colliders, starting from the Standard Model. Classical-computing methods, via the framework of…

We study how Thomson's formulation of the second law: no work is extracted from an equilibrium ensemble by a cyclic process, emerges in the quantum situation through the averaging over fluctuations of work. The latter concept is carefully…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

Heat and work in thermodynamics refer to the measurement of changes in energy content of external bodies (baths and agents). We discuss the implications of quantum mechanics on the possibility to measure work in a mesoscopic context. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Anant Vijay Varma , Doron Cohen

The thermodynamic behavior of out-of-equilibrium quantum systems in finite-time dynamics encompasses the description of energy fluctuations, which dictates a series of system's physical properties. In addition, strong interactions in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Krissia Zawadzki , Roberto M. Serra , Irene D'Amico