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We propose a new class of generative diffusion models, called functional diffusion. In contrast to previous work, functional diffusion works on samples that are represented by functions with a continuous domain. Functional diffusion can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Biao Zhang , Peter Wonka

In view of recently demonstrated joint use of novel Fourier-transform techniques and effective high-accuracy frequency domain solvers related to the Method of Moments, it is argued that a set of transformative innovations could be developed…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Thomas G. Anderson , Mark Lyon , Tao Yin , Oscar P. Bruno

Space-time wave packets are diffraction-free, dispersion-free pulsed beams whose propagation-invariance stems from correlations introduced into their spatio-temporal spectrum. We demonstrate here experimentally and computationally that…

Optics · Physics 2018-12-31 H. Esat Kondakci , Ayman F. Abouraddy

Rapid information (energy) propagation in deep feature extractors is crucial to balance computational complexity versus expressiveness as a representation of the input. We prove an upper bound for the speed of energy propagation in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Max Getter

Many optical measurement techniques, such as light scattering from wavelength-scale particles or detecting motion from a surface with an optical lever, encode information in a complex radiation pattern. Extracting all available information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Youssef Tawfik , Shan Hao , Thomas P. Purdy

Optically-levitated dielectric objects are promising for precision force, acceleration, torque, and rotation sensing due to their extreme environmental decoupling. While many levitated opto-mechanics experiments employ spherical objects,…

Deep learning-based image generation has seen significant advancements with diffusion models, notably improving the quality of generated images. Despite these developments, generating images with unseen characteristics beneficial for…

Feature Learning aims to extract relevant information contained in data sets in an automated fashion. It is driving force behind the current deep learning trend, a set of methods that have had widespread empirical success. What is lacking…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-02 Brendan van Rooyen , Robert C. Williamson

Fast and invariant feature extraction is crucial in certain computer vision applications where the computation time is constrained in both training and testing phases of the classifier. In this paper, we propose a nature-inspired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Ravimal Bandara , Lochandaka Ranathunga , Nor Aniza Abdullah

Due to the highly inhomogeneous distributions of refractive indexes, light propagation in complex media such as biological tissue experiences multiple light scattering events. The suppression and control of multiple light scattering events…

The derivation of a function is a fundamental tool for solving problems in calculus. Consequently, the motivations for investigating physical systems capable of performing this task are numerous. Furthermore, the potential to develop an…

We study the optical properties of crystals with spatial dispersion and show that the usual Fresnel approach becomes invalid near frequencies where the group velocity of the wave packets inside the crystal vanishes. Near these special…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-08-31 Ch. Helm , L. N. Bulaevskii

In this paper, the advancements in structured light beams recognition using speckle-based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been presented. Speckle fields, generated by the interference of multiple wavefronts diffracted and…

Optics · Physics 2023-11-02 Venugopal Raskatla , Purnesh Singh Badavath , Vijay Kumar

In a recent paper, published at arXiv:0910.2381, we started a discussion on the new possibilities arising from the use of fractional differential calculus in image processing. We have seen that the fractional calculation is able to enhance…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-25 Amelia Carolina Sparavigna , Paul Milligan

The wavefront is scrambled when coherent light propagates through a random scattering medium and which makes direct use of the conventional optical methods ineffective. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a structured light…

A method for extracting the dark-field signal in propagation-based phase-contrast imaging is proposed. In the case of objects consisting predominantly of a single material, or several different materials with similar ratios of the real…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 T. E. Gureyev , D. M. Paganin , B. Arhatari , S. T. Taba , S. Lewis , P. C. Brennan , H. M. Quiney

Imaging is a sophisticated process combining a plenty of photovoltaic conversions, which lead to some spectral signatures beyond visual perception in the final images. Any manipulation against an original image will destroy these signatures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Zhe Shen , Peng Sun , Yubo Lang , Lei Liu , Silong Peng

In many physical situations involving diverse length scales, waves or rays representing them travel through media characterized by spatially smooth, random, modest refactive index variations. "Primary" diffraction (by individual…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-12-14 Eric J Heller , Ragnar Fleischmann , Tobias Kramer

Intrinsic image decomposition is an important and long-standing computer vision problem. Given an input image, recovering the physical scene properties is ill-posed. Several physically motivated priors have been used to restrict the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Zongji Wang , Yunfei Liu , Feng Lu

The most important characteristics of the fragmentation of heterogeneous solids is that the mass (size) distribution of pieces is described by a power law functional form. The exponent of the distribution displays a high degree of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-03-10 Gergo Pal , Imre Varga , Ferenc Kun