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We deduce the Born rule. No use is required of quantum postulates. One exploits only rudimentary quantum mathematics--a linear, not Hilbert', vector space--and empirical notion of the statistical length of a state. Its statistical nature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-24 Yurii V. Brezhnev

The spontaneous decay of an excited atom by photon emission is one of the most common and elementary physical process present in nature and in laboratories. The decay is random in time with constant probability density, as it can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Marcello Baldo

Building upon the recently introduced particle interpretation of the double-slit experiment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 133603 (2025)] which attributes interference phenomena to detector-coupled (bright) and detector-uncoupled (dark) states of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Jian-Jian Cheng , Jun-Ling Che , Lin Zhang , Ming-Liang Hu

We investigate a detector scheme designed to measure the arrival of a particle at $x=0$ during a finite time interval. The detector consists of a two state system which undergoes a transition from one state to the other when the particle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. J. Halliwell

Wave-particle duality is a typical example of Bohr's complementarity principle that plays a significant role in quantum mechanics. Previous studies used the visibility of an interference pattern to quantify the wave property and used path…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Yuan Yuan , Zhibo Hou , Yuan-Yuan Zhao , Han-Sen Zhong , Guo-Yong Xiang , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Electron scattering on a thin layer where the potential depends self-consistently on the wave function has been studied. When the amplitude of the incident wave exceeds a certain threshold, a soliton-shaped brightening (darkening) appears…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-12-18 O. M. Bulashenko , V. A. Kochelap , L. L. Bonilla

What does the diffraction pattern from a single atom look like? How does it differ from the scattering from long range potential? With the development of new high-dynamic range pixel array detectors to measure the complete momentum…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-11-29 Michael C. Cao , Yimo Han , Zhen Chen , Yi Jiang , Kayla X. Nguyen , Emrah Turgut , Greg Fuchs , David A. Muller

We consider a single copy of a quantum particle moving in a potential and show that it is possible to monitor its complete wave function by only continuously measuring its position. While we assume that the potential is known, no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Thomas Konrad , Andreas Rothe , Francesco Petruccione , Lajos Diósi

We formulate a discrete two-state stochastic process with elementary rules that give rise to Born statistics and reproduce the probabilities from the Schr\"odinger equation under an associated Hamiltonian matrix, which we identify. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Themis Matsoukas

The observation of interference patterns in double-slit experiments with massive particles is generally regarded as the ultimate demonstration of the quantum nature of these objects. Such matter-wave interference has been observed for…

In a consistent description of the quantum measurement process, whether the wave or particle-like aspect of a system is revealed depends on the details of the measurement chain, and cannot be interpreted as an objective fact about the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Hudson A. Loughlin , Germain Tobar , Evan D. Hall , Vivishek Sudhir

We present a computer simulation model that is a one-to-one copy of a quantum eraser experiment with photons (P. D. D. Schwindt {\sl et al.}, Phys. Rev. A 60, 4285 (1999)). The model is solely based on experimental facts, satisfies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-10 F. Jin , S. Yuan , H. De Raedt , K. Michielsen

We study quantum tomography based on a stochastic continuous-time measurement record obtained from a probe field collectively interacting with an ensemble of identically prepared systems. In comparison to previous studies, we consider here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-01 Robert L. Cook , Carlos A. Riofrío , Ivan H. Deutsch

Single-molecule tracking is a powerful way to look at the dynamic organization of plasma membranes. However, there are some limitations to its use. For example, it was recently observed, using numerical simulation, that time-averaging…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-13 Nicolas Destainville , Laurence Salome

Projective measurement is used as a fundamental axiom in quantum mechanics, even though it is discontinuous and cannot predict which measured operator eigenstate will be observed in which experimental run. The probabilistic Born rule gives…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-09 Apoorva Patel , Parveen Kumar

Precise measurements of both the arrival time and carrier frequency of light pulses are essential for time-frequency-encoded quantum technologies. Quantum mechanics, however, imposes fundamental limits on the simultaneous determination of…

Single photon detection is a requisite technique in quantum-optics experiments in both the optical and the microwave domains. However, the energy of microwave quanta are four to five orders of magnitude less than their optical counterpart,…

We present a complete statistical analysis of quantum optical measurement schemes based on photodetection. Statistical distributions of quantum observables determined from a finite number of experimental runs are characterized with the help…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Konrad Banaszek

In the iconic measurements of atomic spin-1/2 or photon polarization, one employs two spatially separated and noninteracting detectors. Each detector is binary, registering the presence or absence of the atom or the photon. For measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-11 Jay Lawrence

State mapping between atoms and photons, and photon-photon interactions play an important role in scalable quantum information processing. We consider the interaction of a two-level atom with a quantized \textit{propagating} pulse in free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Yimin Wang , Jiří Minář , Lana Sheridan , Valerio Scarani