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The growing attention to artificial intelligence-based applications has led to research interest in explainability issues. This emerging research attention on explainable AI (XAI) advocates the need to investigate end user-centric…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 AKM Bahalul Haque , A. K. M. Najmul Islam , Patrick Mikalef

Artificial Intelligence models are becoming increasingly more powerful and accurate, supporting or even replacing humans' decision making. But with increased power and accuracy also comes higher complexity, making it hard for users to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Vivian S. Silva , André Freitas , Siegfried Handschuh

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) requires developers and designers of AI systems to focus on the collaboration between humans and machines. AI explanations of system behavior and reasoning are vital for effective…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Ruben S. Verhagen , Siddharth Mehrotra , Mark A. Neerincx , Catholijn M. Jonker , Myrthe L. Tielman

A suite of impressive scientific discoveries have been driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence. These almost all result from training flexible algorithms to solve difficult optimization problems specified in advance by teams of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ruairidh M. Battleday , Samuel J. Gershman

Artificial intelligence now outperforms humans in several scientific and engineering tasks, yet its internal representations often remain opaque. In this Perspective, we argue that explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), combined with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ricardo Vinuesa , Steven L. Brunton , Gianmarco Mengaldo

In the rapidly growing literature on explanation algorithms, it often remains unclear what precisely these algorithms are for and how they should be used. In this position paper, we argue for a novel and pragmatic perspective: Explainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Sebastian Bordt , Eric Raidl , Ulrike von Luxburg

Public attention towards explainability of artificial intelligence (AI) systems has been rising in recent years to offer methodologies for human oversight. This has translated into the proliferation of research outputs, such as from…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Luca Nannini , Agathe Balayn , Adam Leon Smith

With the availability of large databases and recent improvements in deep learning methodology, the performance of AI systems is reaching or even exceeding the human level on an increasing number of complex tasks. Impressive examples of this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Wojciech Samek , Thomas Wiegand , Klaus-Robert Müller

Explainable AI provides insight into the "why" for model predictions, offering potential for users to better understand and trust a model, and to recognize and correct AI predictions that are incorrect. Prior research on human and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Yasmeen Alufaisan , Laura R. Marusich , Jonathan Z. Bakdash , Yan Zhou , Murat Kantarcioglu

Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms have become ubiquitous. Although they offer a wide range of benefits, their adoption in decision-critical fields is limited by their lack of interpretability, particularly with textual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Diego Antognini

Despite explainable AI (XAI) has recently become a hot topic and several different approaches have been developed, there is still a widespread belief that it lacks a convincing unifying foundation. On the other hand, over the past…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Martina Mattioli , Antonio Emanuele Cinà , Marcello Pelillo

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly complex, making it difficult for users to understand how the AI has derived its prediction. Using explainable AI (XAI)-methods, researchers aim to explain AI decisions to users. So far,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Lara Riefle , Patrick Hemmer , Carina Benz , Michael Vössing , Jannik Pries

Recent years have seen a boom in interest in machine learning systems that can provide a human-understandable rationale for their predictions or decisions. However, exactly what kinds of explanation are truly human-interpretable remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-05 Menaka Narayanan , Emily Chen , Jeffrey He , Been Kim , Sam Gershman , Finale Doshi-Velez

The societal and ethical implications of the use of opaque artificial intelligence systems for consequential decisions, such as welfare allocation and criminal justice, have generated a lively debate among multiple stakeholder groups,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Atoosa Kasirzadeh

Artificial intelligence (AI) has huge potential to improve the health and well-being of people, but adoption in clinical practice is still limited. Lack of transparency is identified as one of the main barriers to implementation, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Aniek F. Markus , Jan A. Kors , Peter R. Rijnbeek

Machine learning models are increasingly integrated into societally critical applications such as recidivism prediction and medical diagnosis, thanks to their superior predictive power. In these applications, however, full automation is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Vivian Lai , Samuel Carton , Chenhao Tan

Automated reasoning is a key technology in the young but rapidly growing field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Explanability helps build trust in artificial intelligence systems beyond their mere predictive accuracy and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ashlin Iser

Inner Interpretability is a promising emerging field tasked with uncovering the inner mechanisms of AI systems, though how to develop these mechanistic theories is still much debated. Moreover, recent critiques raise issues that question…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Martina G. Vilas , Federico Adolfi , David Poeppel , Gemma Roig

The success of artificial intelligence (AI), and deep learning models in particular, has led to their widespread adoption across various industries due to their ability to process huge amounts of data and learn complex patterns. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Wei Jie Yeo , Wihan van der Heever , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria , Ranjan Satapathy , Gianmarco Mengaldo

Recently, artificial intelligence and machine learning in general have demonstrated remarkable performances in many tasks, from image processing to natural language processing, especially with the advent of deep learning. Along with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Erico Tjoa , Cuntai Guan