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Quantum computers require quantum arithmetic. We provide an explicit construction of quantum networks effecting basic arithmetic operations: from addition to modular exponentiation. Quantum modular exponentiation seems to be the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 V. Vedral , A. Barenco , A. Ekert

There is an enormous gap between what quantum circuit sizes can be compiled and manipulated with the current generation of quantum software and the sizes required by practical applications such as quantum chemistry or Shor's algorithm. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Ioana Moflic , Alexandru Paler

We present a synthesis framework to map logic networks into quantum circuits for quantum computing. The synthesis framework is based on LUT networks (lookup-table networks), which play a key role in conventional logic synthesis.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-12 Mathias Soeken , Martin Roetteler , Nathan Wiebe , Giovanni De Micheli

Recently, reversible circuit synthesis has been intensively studied. One of the problems that has not been solved for a long time was exact minimization of gate count (GC) in 4-bit circuits. Finally, last year a tool of practical usage for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-24 Marek Szyprowski , Pawel Kerntopf

The simplest decomposition of a Toffoli gate acting on three qubits requires {\em five} 2-qubit gates. If we restrict ourselves to controlled-sign (or controlled-NOT) gates this number climbs to six. We show that the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. C. Ralph , K. J. Resch , A. Gilchrist

We investigate the fundamental expressivity limits of quantum reservoir computing (QRC) by establishing a formal connection to parametrized quantum circuit quantum machine learning (PQC-QML). We analytically prove, and numerically…

Quantum algorithms often use quantum RAMs (QRAM) for accessing information stored in a database-like manner. QRAMs have to be fast, resource efficient and fault-tolerant. The latter is often influenced by access speeds, because shorter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 Alexandru Paler , Oumarou Oumarou , Robert Basmadjian

We have taken significant steps towards the realization of a practical quantum computer: using nuclear spins and magnetic resonance techniques at room temperature, we provided proof of principle of quantum computing in a series of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Lieven M. K. Vandersypen

Shor's algorithm is one of the most prominent quantum algorithms, yet finding efficient implementations remains an active research challenge. While many approaches focus on low-level modular arithmetic optimizations, a broader perspective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Moritz Schmidt , Abhoy Kole , Leon Wichette , Rolf Drechsler , Frank Kirchner , Elie Mounzer

Quantum computation offers the potential to solve fundamental yet otherwise intractable problems across a range of active fields of research. Recently, universal quantum-logic gate sets - the building blocks for a quantum computer - have…

The number of steps any classical computer requires in order to find the prime factors of an $l$-digit integer $N$ increases exponentially with $l$, at least using algorithms known at present. Factoring large integers is therefore…

Quantum resource analysis is crucial for designing quantum circuits as well as assessing the viability of arbitrary (error-corrected) quantum computations. To this end, we introduce QUANTIFY, which is an open-source framework for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 Oumarou Oumarou , Alexandru Paler , Robert Basmadjian

Quantum error correction is essential for reliable quantum computation, where surface codes demonstrate high fault-tolerant thresholds and hardware efficiency. However, noise in single-shot measurements limits logical readout fidelity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Xiao-Yue Xu , Chen Ding , Wan-Su Bao

We show how to carry out quantum logical operations (controlled-not and Toffoli gates) on encoded qubits for several encodings which protect against various 1-bit errors. This improves the reliability of these operations by allowing one to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Wojciech Hubert Zurek , Raymond Laflamme

We consider a hypothetical topological quantum computer where the qubits are comprised of either Ising or Fibonacci anyons. For each case, we calculate the time and number of qubits (space) necessary to execute the most computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 M. Baraban , N. E. Bonesteel , S. H. Simon

We introduce a new quantum layout-aware approach to realize cost-effective $n$-bit gates using the Bloch sphere, for $2 \le n \le 5$ qubits. These $n$-bit gates are entirely constructed from the Clifford+T gates, in the approach of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-05 Ali Al-Bayaty , Xiaoyu Song , Marek Perkowski

The integer factorization problem (IFP) underpins the security of RSA, yet becomes efficiently solvable on a quantum computer through Shor's algorithm. Regev's recent high-dimensional variant reduces the circuit size through lattice-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Wentao Yang , Bao Yan , Muxi Zheng , Quanfeng Lu , Shijie Wei , Gui-Lu Long

Distributed quantum computation requires to apply quantum remote gates on separate nodes or subsystems of network. On the other hand, Toffoli gate is a universal and well-known quantum gate. It is frequently used in synthesis of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-24 Moein Sarvaghad-Moghaddam , Mariam Zomorodi-Moghadam , Ahmed Farouk

We demonstrate that locally connected networks of machines that have primitive learning capabilities can be used to perform a deterministic, event-based simulation of quantum computation. We present simulation results for basic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Michielsen , K. De Raedt , H. De Raedt

Shor and Grover demonstrated that a quantum computer can outperform any classical computer in factoring numbers and in searching a database by exploiting the parallelism of quantum mechanics. Whereas Shor's algorithm requires both…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-08-31 Michael N. Leuenberger , Daniel Loss