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An outlier is an observation or a data point that is far from rest of the data points in a given dataset or we can be said that an outlier is away from the center of mass of observations. Presence of outliers can skew statistical measures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Amulya Agarwal , Nitin Gupta

Support Vector Machines have been successfully used for one-class classification (OCSVM, SVDD) when trained on clean data, but they work much worse on dirty data: outliers present in the training data tend to become support vectors, and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Daniel Boiar , Thomas Liebig , Erich Schubert

We propose a new outlier detection method for multi-dimensional data. The method detects outliers based on vector cosine similarity, using a new dataset constructed by adding a dimension with zero values to the original data. When a point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Zhongyang Shen

Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) have successfully contributed to improve the accuracy of regression-based methods for computer vision tasks such as human pose estimation, landmark localization, and object detection. The network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Vasileios Belagiannis , Christian Rupprecht , Gustavo Carneiro , Nassir Navab

Transformers excel in natural language processing and computer vision tasks. However, they still face challenges in generalizing to Out-of-Distribution (OOD) datasets, i.e. data whose distribution differs from that seen during training. OOD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yijin Zhou , Yutang Ge , Wenyuan Xie , Linqian Zeng , Xiaowen Dong , Yuguang Wang

Spatial perception is the backbone of many robotics applications, and spans a broad range of research problems, including localization and mapping, point cloud alignment, and relative pose estimation from camera images. Robust spatial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-31 Vasileios Tzoumas , Pasquale Antonante , Luca Carlone

The idea of Innovation Search, which was initially proposed for data clustering, was recently used for outlier detection. In the application of Innovation Search for outlier detection, the directions of innovation were utilized to measure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-24 Mostafa Rahmani , Ping Li

The low-rank matrix factorization as a L1 norm minimization problem has recently attracted much attention due to its intrinsic robustness to the presence of outliers and missing data. In this paper, we propose a new method, called the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2012-04-26 Deyu Meng , Zongben Xu

Functional linear regression is a widely used approach to model functional responses with respect to functional inputs. However, classical functional linear regression models can be severely affected by outliers. We therefore introduce a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-02 Harjit Hullait , David S. Leslie , Nicos G. Pavlidis , Steve King

Outlier Features (OFs) are neurons whose activation magnitudes significantly exceed the average over a neural network's (NN) width. They are well known to emerge during standard transformer training and have the undesirable effect of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Bobby He , Lorenzo Noci , Daniele Paliotta , Imanol Schlag , Thomas Hofmann

We propose a novel procedure for outlier detection in functional data, in a semi-supervised framework. As the data is functional, we consider the coefficients obtained after projecting the observations onto orthonormal bases (wavelet, PCA).…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-14 Clémentine Barreyre , Béatrice Laurent , Jean-Michel Loubes , Bertrand Cabon , Loïc Boussouf

Outlier detection aims to identify unusual data instances that deviate from expected patterns. The outlier detection is particularly challenging when outliers are context dependent and when they are defined by unusual combinations of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Charmgil Hong , Milos Hauskrecht

Outlier explanation is the task of identifying a set of features that distinguish a sample from normal data, which is important for downstream (human) decision-making. Existing methods are based on beam search in the space of feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Stefan Lüdtke , Christian Bartelt , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Outlier detection is a well-researched and crucial problem in machine learning. However, there is little research on string data outlier detection, as most literature focuses on outlier detection of numerical data. A robust string data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Philip Maus

In recent years, the Vision Transformer (ViT) model has gradually become mainstream in various computer vision tasks, and the robustness of the model has received increasing attention. However, existing large models tend to prioritize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zheng Yuan , Jie Zhang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Deep Learning models possess two key traits that, in combination, make their use in the real world a risky prospect. One, they do not typically generalize well outside of the distribution for which they were trained, and two, they tend to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Jonathan S. Kent , Bo Li

The problem of outlier detection is extremely challenging in many domains such as text, in which the attribute values are typically non-negative, and most values are zero. In such cases, it often becomes difficult to separate the outliers…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-01-06 Ramakrishnan Kannan , Hyenkyun Woo , Charu C. Aggarwal , Haesun Park

We study a robust online convex optimization framework, where an adversary can introduce outliers by corrupting loss functions in an arbitrary number of rounds k, unknown to the learner. Our focus is on a novel setting allowing unbounded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Adarsh Barik , Anand Krishna , Vincent Y. F. Tan

We propose a general approach to handle data contaminations that might disrupt the performance of feature selection and estimation procedures for high-dimensional linear models. Specifically, we consider the co-occurrence of mean-shift and…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-23 Luca Insolia , Francesca Chiaromonte , Runze Li , Marco Riani

This paper studies the outlier detection problem from the point of view of penalized regressions. Our regression model adds one mean shift parameter for each of the $n$ data points. We then apply a regularization favoring a sparse vector of…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-10-18 Yiyuan She , Art B. Owen