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Acyclic directed mixed graphs, also known as semi-Markov models represent the conditional independence structure induced on an observed margin by a DAG model with latent variables. In this paper we present a factorization criterion for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-06-27 Thomas S. Richardson

Learning a faithful directed acyclic graph (DAG) from samples of a joint distribution is a challenging combinatorial problem, owing to the intractable search space superexponential in the number of graph nodes. A recent breakthrough…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Yue Yu , Jie Chen , Tian Gao , Mo Yu

We consider the problem of learning causal Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) using combinations of observational and interventional experimental data. Current methods tailored to this setting assume that interventions either destroy…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-04 Alessandro Mascaro , Federico Castelletti

In this paper we give a complete characterization of the statistical equivalence classes of CEGs and of staged trees. We are able to show that all graphical representations of the same model share a common polynomial description. Then,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-29 Christiane Görgen , Jim Q. Smith

Bayesian causal discovery aims to infer the posterior distribution over causal models from observed data, quantifying epistemic uncertainty and benefiting downstream tasks. However, computational challenges arise due to joint inference over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Yashas Annadani , Nick Pawlowski , Joel Jennings , Stefan Bauer , Cheng Zhang , Wenbo Gong

Structural learning of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) or Bayesian networks has been studied extensively under the assumption that data are independent. We propose a new Gaussian DAG model for dependent data which assumes the observations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-30 Hangjian Li , Oscar Hernan Madrid Padilla , Qing Zhou

Estimation of the skeleton of a directed acyclic graph (DAG) is of great importance for understanding the underlying DAG and causaleffects can be assessed from the skeleton when the DAG is notidentifiable. We propose a novel method named…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-08 Min Jin Ha , Wei Sun , Jichun Xie

A well-studied challenge that arises in the structure learning problem of causal directed acyclic graphs (DAG) is that using observational data, one can only learn the graph up to a "Markov equivalence class" (MEC). The remaining undirected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Vibhor Porwal , Piyush Srivastava , Gaurav Sinha

Directed Acyclic Graphical (DAG) models efficiently formulate causal relationships in complex systems. Traditional DAGs assume nodes to be scalar variables, characterizing complex systems under a facile and oversimplified form. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Tian Lan , Ziyue Li , Junpeng Lin , Zhishuai Li , Lei Bai , Man Li , Fugee Tsung , Rui Zhao , Chen Zhang

We consider the problem of learning the underlying causal structure among a set of variables, which are assumed to follow a Bayesian network or, more specifically, a linear recursive structural equation model (SEM) with the associated…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-05 Anamitra Chaudhuri , Anirban Bhattacharya , Yang Ni

Background: In epidemiology, causal inference and prediction modeling methodologies have been historically distinct. Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are used to model a priori causal assumptions and inform variable selection strategies for…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-03 Marco Piccininni , Stefan Konigorski , Jessica L Rohmann , Tobias Kurth

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are directed graphs in which there is no path from a vertex to itself. DAGs are an omnipresent data structure in computer science and the problem of counting the DAGs of given number of vertices and to sample…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Martin Pépin , Alfredo Viola

This paper considers inference of causal structure in a class of graphical models called "conditional DAGs". These are directed acyclic graph (DAG) models with two kinds of variables, primary and secondary. The secondary variables are used…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-11-12 Chris J. Oates , Jim Q. Smith , Sach Mukherjee

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) provide a powerful framework to model causal relationships among variables in multivariate settings; in addition, through the do-calculus theory, they allow for the identification and estimation of causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-31 Federico Castelletti , Alessandro Mascaro

Recently directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure learning is formulated as a constrained continuous optimization problem with continuous acyclicity constraints and was solved iteratively through subproblem optimization. To further improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yue Yu , Tian Gao , Naiyu Yin , Qiang Ji

An encoding of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) on labeled vertices is proposed, which is a generalisation of the Pr\"ufer code for labeled trees, if a certain orienation on the edges of the tree is introduced. Hence it is shown that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Zsófia Juhász

We consider sampling and enumeration problems for Markov equivalence classes. We create and analyze a Markov chain for uniform random sampling on the DAGs inside a Markov equivalence class. Though the worst case is exponentially slow…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-16 Megan Bernstein , Prasad Tetali

When designing new molecules with particular properties, it is not only important what to make but crucially how to make it. These instructions form a synthesis directed acyclic graph (DAG), describing how a large vocabulary of simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 John Bradshaw , Brooks Paige , Matt J. Kusner , Marwin H. S. Segler , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

The constraints arising from DAG models with latent variables can be naturally represented by means of acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs). Such graphs contain directed and bidirected arrows, and contain no directed cycles. DAGs with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-07-24 Ilya Shpitser , Thomas S. Richardson , James M. Robins , Robin Evans

The main approach to defining equivalence among acyclic directed causal graphical models is based on the conditional independence relationships in the distributions that the causal models can generate, in terms of the Markov equivalence.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 AmirEmad Ghassami , Alan Yang , Negar Kiyavash , Kun Zhang
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