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This paper presents an extensive framework focused on the control design, along with stability and performance analysis, of Grid-Following Inverters (GFL). It aims to ensure their effective operation under both stiff and weak grid…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-26 Alireza Askarian , Jaesang Park , Srinivasa Salapaka

This study examines the transient stability of low-inertia power systems with inverter-based generation (IBG) and proposes a sufficient stability criterion. In low-inertia grids, transient interactions are induced between the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-22 Changjun He , Xiuqiang He , Hua Geng , Huadong Sun , Shiyun Xu

An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Ali Tayyebi , Dominic Groß , Adolfo Anta , Friederich Kupzog , Florian Dörfler

Short circuit ratio (SCR) is widely applied to analyze the strength of AC system and the small signal stability for single power elec-tronic based devices infeed systems (SPEISs). However, there still lacking the theory of short circuit…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Huanhai Xin , Wei Dong , Deqiang Gan , Di Wu , Xiaoming Yuan

We present a load frequency control strategy deploying a decentralized robust global integral terminal sliding mode control (GITSMC) method to maintain stable frequency and tie-line power in multi-area interconnected microgrids with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-24 Md Saiful Islam , Rahul Bhadani

The converter control functions to provide the capabilities similar to synchronous generators are referred to as grid forming converters (GFC). Identical to a synchronous machine, a grid forming converter is expected to behave as a voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-21 Kanakesh Vatta Kkuni , Sibin Mohan , Guangya Yang , Wilsun Xu

Impedance measurements have been widely used with the Nyquist plot to estimate the stability of interconnected power systems. Being a black-box method for equivalent and aggregated impedance estimation, its use for the identification of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-04-18 Mohammad Amin , Marta Molinas

This paper investigates power swing characteristics of grid-forming voltage source converter (GFM-VSC) systems considering the current limitation mode in both non-inertial and inertial GFM-VSC systems. Following grid faults, non-inertial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-17 Yongxin Xiong , Heng Wu , Yifei Li , Xiongfei Wang

The proliferation of inverter-based generation and advanced sensing, controls, and communication infrastructure have facilitated the accelerated deployment of microgrids. A coordinated network of microgrids can maintain reliable power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-19 Sai Pushpak Nandanoori , Soumya Kundu , Wei Du , Francis Tuffner , Kevin Schneider

This paper examines small-signal stability of electrical networks composed dominantly of three-phase grid-following inverters. We show that the mere existence of a high-voltage power flow solution does not necessarily imply small-signal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-22 Saber Jafarpour , Victor Purba , Sairaj V. Dhople , Brian Johnson , Francesco Bullo

Diverse synchronization dynamics within the grid-following (GFL)/grid-forming (GFM) converters-interlinked system are prone to induce oscillatory instabilities. To quantify their stability influences, frequency-domain modal analysis (FMA)…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-10-02 Haoxiang Zong , Chen Zhang , Marta Molinas

The design and structure of generalized predictive control (GPC) are not simple and intuitive. The performance analysis does not deeply analyze how the controller parameters affect the system characteristics and the relationship between the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-07 Feilong Zhang

Grid-forming voltage source converter (GF-VSC) has been identified as the key technology for the operation of future converter-dominated power systems. Among many other issues, transient stability of this type of power systems remains an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-09 Régulo E. Ávila-Martínez , Javier Renedo , Luis Rouco , Aurelio García-Cerrada , Lukas Sigrist , Taoufik Qoria , Xavier Guillaud

This paper proposes a method for the Harmonic Stability Assessment (HSA) of power systems with a high share of Converter-Interfaced Distributed Energy Resources (CIDERs). To this end, the Harmonic State-Space (HSS) model of a generic power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-13 Johanna Kristin Maria Becker , Andreas Martin Kettner , Mario Paolone

Differing from synchronous generators, there are lack of physical laws governing the synchronization dynamics of voltage-source converters (VSCs). The widely used phase-locked loop (PLL) plays a critical role in maintaining the synchronism…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Heng Wu , Xiongfei Wang

This paper proposes a novel control framework designed for Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), denoted as Generalized Swing Control (GSC). The proposed GSC framework generalizes the definition of Grid-Forming (GFM) control schemes and exploits…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Rodrigo Bernal , Federico Milano

Assessing small-signal stability of power systems composed of thousands of interacting generators is a computationally challenging task. To reduce the computational burden, this paper introduces a novel condition to assess and certify…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-30 Amin Gholami , Xu Andy Sun

We study the stability of coupled impedance passive regular linear systems under power-preserving interconnections. We present new conditions for strong, exponential, and non-uniform stability of the closed-loop system. We apply the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Lassi Paunonen

This paper presents a detailed small-signal stability analysis of a modified version of the Cigr\'e European high-voltage network, where one of the synchronous generators is replaced by a grid-following inverter-based resource (IBR). The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Francesco Conte , Fernando Mancilla-David , Amritansh Sagar , Chendan Li , Federico Silvestro , Samuele Grillo

This paper investigates the implementation and application of the multi-variable grid-forming hybrid angle control (HAC) for high-power converters in transmission grids. We explore the system-level performance and robustness of the HAC…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-13 Ali Tayyebi , Alan Magdaleno , Denis Vettoretti , Meng Chen , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo , Adolfo Anta , Florian Dörfler
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