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We consider the problems of secret sharing and multiparty computation, assuming that agents prefer to get the secret (resp., function value) to not getting it, and secondarily, prefer that as few as possible of the other agents get it. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Vanessa Teague

Schema matching is a central challenge for data integration systems. Inspired by the popularity and the success of crowdsourcing platforms, we explore the use of crowdsourcing to reduce the uncertainty of schema matching. Since…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Chen Jason Zhang , Lei Chen , H. V. Jagadish , Mengchen Zhang , Yongxin Tong

It is more important to estimate the rate of convergence to a stationary distribution rather than only to prove the existence one in many applied problems of reliability and queuing theory. This can be done via standard methods, but only…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-03 Galina Zverkina

This paper is a primer on cryptographic accumulators and how to apply them practically. A cryptographic accumulator is a space- and time-efficient data structure used for set-membership tests. Since it is possible to represent any…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Ilker Ozcelik , Sai Medury , Justin Broaddus , Anthony Skjellum

The double Dixie cup problem of D.J. Newman and L. Shepp is a well-known variant of the coupon collector problem, where the object of study is the number of coupons that a collector has to buy in order to complete m sets of all N existing…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-31 Aristides V. Doumas

Computer-based tests with randomly generated questions allow a large number of different tests to be generated. Given a fixed number of alternatives for each question, the number of tests that need to be generated before all possible…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-03-04 Charles M. Goldie , Rosie Cornish , Carol L. Robinson

Probabilistic forecasts in the form of probability distributions over future events have become popular in several fields of statistical science. The dissimilarity between a probability forecast and an outcome is measured by a loss function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Vladimir V'yugin , Vladimir Trunov

In this paper, we will present some results on the counterfeit coins problem in the case of multi-sets.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-05-05 An-Ping Li

Protocols for tossing a common coin play a key role in the vast majority of implementations of consensus. Even though the common coins in the literature are usually \emph{fair} (they have equal chance of landing heads or tails), we focus on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Ivan Geffner , Joseph Y. Halpern

Various local hidden variables models for the singlet correlations exploit the detection loophole, or other loopholes connected with post-selection on coincident arrival times. I consider the connection with a probabilistic simulation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard D. Gill

Design of distributed caching mechanisms is considered as an active area of research due to its promising solution in reducing data load in the backhaul link of a cellular network. In this paper, the problem of distributed content caching…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-14 S. Krishnendu , B. N. Bharath , Navneet Garg , Vimal Bhatia , Tharmalingam Ratnarajah

Generalizing a problem posed by Cover, we propose an adversarial game in which a permutation is incrementally constructed in a setting of partial information. As in the secretary problem, this permutation is exposed in stages via the…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-13 Benjamin Diamond

Online electronic coupon (e-coupon) is becoming a primary tool for e-commerce platforms to attract users to place orders. E-coupons are the digital equivalent of traditional paper coupons which provide customers with discounts or gifts. One…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Liangwei Li , Liucheng Sun , Chenwei Weng , Chengfu Huo , Weijun Ren

The gambler's ruin problem for correlated random walks (CRW), both with and without delays, is addressed using the Optional Stopping Theorem for martingales. We derive closed-form expressions for the ruin probabilities and the expected game…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Vladimir Pozdnyakov

Central Counterparties (CCPs) are widely promoted as a requirement for safe banking with little dissent except on technical grounds (such as proliferation of CCPs). Whilst CCPs can have major operational positives, we argue that CCPs have…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-08-14 Chris Kenyon , Andrew Green

In the Contention Resolution problem $n$ parties each wish to have exclusive use of a shared resource for one unit of time. The problem has been studied since the early 1970s, under a variety of assumptions on feedback given to the parties,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Zixi Cai , Kuowen Chen , Shengquan Du , Tsvi Kopelowitz , Seth Pettie , Ben Plosk

A multi-channel queueing system is considered. The arriving requests differ in their type. Requests of each type arrive according to a Poisson process. The number of channels required for service with the rate equal to 1 depends of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-09 M. V. Yashina , A. G. Tatashev

We study the non-uniform capacitated multi-item lot-sizing (\lotsizing) problem. In this problem, there is a set of demands over a planning horizon of $T$ time periods and all demands must be satisfied on time. We can place an order at the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-10 Shi Li

An {\it Omnibus Sequence} of length $n$ is one that has each possible "message" of length $k$ embedded in it as a subsequence. We study various properties of Omnibus Sequences in this paper, making connections, whenever possible, to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-12 Sunil Abraham , Greg Brockman , Stephanie Sapp , Anant P. Godbole

In a 2002 paper, Che and co-authors proposed a simple approach for estimating the hit rates of a cache operating the least recently used (LRU) replacement policy. The approximation proves remarkably accurate and is applicable to quite…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Christine Fricker , Philippe Robert , James Roberts