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In this paper, we present a new model for ranking sports teams. Our model uses all scoring data from all games to produce a functional rating by the method of least squares. The functional rating can be interpreted as a teams average point…

Applications · Statistics 2019-08-05 Bradley Lowery , Abigail Slater , Kaison Thies

We investigated the temporal distribution of goals in soccer using event-level data from 3,433 matches across 21 leagues and competitions. Contrary to the prevailing notion of randomness, we found that the probability of a goal being scored…

The expected goal provides a more representative measure of the team and player performance which also suit the low-scoring nature of football instead of score in modern football. The score of a match involves randomness and often may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Mustafa Cavus , Przemysław Biecek

The semigroup game is a two-person zero-sum game defined on a semigroup S as follows: Players 1 and 2 choose elements x and y in S, respectively, and player 1 receives a payoff f(xy) defined by a function f from S to [-1,1]. If the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-11 Valerio Capraro , Kent Morrison

A question is raised on whether some implied regularity or structure, as found in soccer team ranking by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA), is due to implicit game result value or score competition conditions. The analysis…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-22 Marcel Ausloos , Adam Gadomski , Nikolay K. Vitanov

Football is a very result-driven industry, with goals being rarer than in most sports, so having further parameters to judge the performance of teams and individuals is key. Expected Goals (xG) allow further insight than just a scoreline.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 James H. Hewitt , Oktay Karakuş

The effect of increasing goal mouth size on the number of goals scored in a football match is discussed in a very preliminary and simple way, considering elastic collisions of the ball with the posts. The result is obtained on the basis of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Mira

On the occasion of the last FIFA World Cup in Brazil, The Economist published a plot depicting how many goals have been scored in all World Cup competitions until present, minute by minute. The plot was followed by a naive and poorly…

Applications · Statistics 2014-08-26 Nicola Mingotti

We show that the Brier game of prediction is mixable and find the optimal learning rate and substitution function for it. The resulting prediction algorithm is applied to predict results of football and tennis matches. The theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-11-02 Vladimir Vovk , Fedor Zhdanov

We developed an artificial intelligence approach to predict the transfer fee of a football player. This model can help clubs make better decisions about which players to buy and sell, which can lead to improved performance and increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Daniil Sulimov

Estimation of football players' skills is one of the key tasks in sports analytics. This paper introduces multiple extensions to a widely used model, expected possession value (EPV), to address some key challenges such as selection problem.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Andrei Shelopugin

Increasing investments into various dimensions of sports draw a significant amount of attention to the way these resources are being managed and which organizations achieve development goals with higher efficiency. This paper reviews the…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2016-12-23 Ilya Solntsev , Anatoly Vorobyev , Elnura Irmatova , Nikita Osokin

Sports betting markets are proven real-world laboratories to test theories of asset pricing anomalies and risky behaviour. Using a high-frequency dataset provided directly by a major bookmaker, containing the odds and amounts staked…

General Economics · Economics 2022-11-14 Marius Ötting , Christian Deutscher , Carl Singleton , Luca De Angelis

In recent years, great emphasis has been placed on the prediction of association football. Due to this, several studies have proposed different types of statistical models to predict the outcome of a football match. However, most existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-11 Roberto Macrì-Demartino , Leonardo Egidi , Nicola Torelli

The purpose of this research is to create a machine learning-based smart coaching approach for football that can replace manual analysis with real-time feedback for trainers. In-depth analysis of football player data by humans is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-08 Rahman Sahinler , Omer Burak Goktas , Berkay Mumcu , Damla Sen , Feyza Kocaturk , Huseyin Uvet

One of the most popular club football tournaments, the UEFA Champions League, will see a fundamental reform from the 2024/25 season: the traditional group stage will be replaced by one league where each of the 36 teams plays eight matches.…

Applications · Statistics 2024-04-03 László Csató

According to recent empirical studies, the group draw of major sports tournaments can imply a high level of uncertainty, and some lucky teams enjoy an unfair advantage over the other teams. We propose a novel technique to quantify this draw…

Huge amounts of money are invested every year by football clubs on transfers. For both growth and survival, it is crucial for recruiting departments to make smart choices when targeting players. Therefore, it is very important to identify…

In the domain of the Soccer simulation 2D league of the RoboCup project, appropriate player positioning against a given opponent team is an important factor of soccer team performance. This work proposes a model which decides the strategy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-06 Jordan Henrio , Thomas Henn , Tomoharu Nakashima , Hidehisa Akiyama

When the performance of a team of agents exceeds our expectations or fall short of them, we often explain this by saying that there was some synergy in the team---either positive (the team exceeded our expectations) or negative (they fell…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-14 Talal Rahwan , Tomasz Michalak , Michael Wooldridge
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