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The AHP/ANP are multicriteria decision-making theories that deal with both hierarchic structures when the criteria are independent of the alternatives and with networks when there is any dependence within and between elements of the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-06-23 Thomas Saaty , Konrad Kułakowski

Any non-abelian finite $p$-group has a non-inner automorphism of order $p$.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Wei Xu

We introduce an axiomatization for the notion of computation. Based on the idea of Brouwer choice sequences, we construct a model, denoted by $E$, which satisfies our axioms and $E \models \mathrm{ P \neq NP}$. In other words, regarding…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Rasoul Ramezanian

For a real number $x$ and set of natural numbers $A$, define $x \ast A := \{ x a \bmod 1: a\in A\}\subseteq [0,1).$ We consider relationships between $x$, $A$, and the order-type of $x\ast A$. For example, for every irrational $x$ and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-23 D. Dakota Blair , Joel David Hamkins , Kevin O'Bryant

Here I discuss ideas that makes a synthesis of topology and probability theory. The idea is the following: given a set $X$, assign a number $p(A)\in [0,1]$ for any subset $A$ of $X$. We can interpret $p(A)$ as the probability of openness of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-12-02 Yuli B. Rudyak

Model counting is the task of computing the number of assignments to variables V that satisfy a given propositional theory F. Model counting is an essential tool in probabilistic reasoning. In this paper, we introduce the problem of model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-07-29 Rehan Abdul Aziz , Geoffrey Chu , Christian Muise , Peter Stuckey

In this paper we give a new semiprimality test and we construct a new formula for $\pi ^{(2)}(N)$, the function that counts the number of semiprimes not exceeding a given number $N$. We also present new formulas to identify the $n^{th}$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-22 Issam Kaddoura , Samih Abdul-Nabi , Khadija Al-Akhrass

There are things we know, things we know we don't know, and then there are things we don't know we don't know. In this paper we address the latter two issues in a Bayesian framework, introducing the notion of doubt to quantify the degree of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-11-18 Glenn D Starkman , Roberto Trotta , Pascal M Vaudrevange

We will give new upper bounds for the number of solutions to the inequalities of the shape $|F(x , y)| \leq h$, where $F(x , y)$ is a sparse binary form, with integer coefficients, and $h$ is a sufficiently small integer in terms of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Shabnam Akhtari , Paloma Bengoechea

One of the enduring problems surrounding neural networks is to identify the factors that differentiate them from traditional statistical models. We prove a pair of results which distinguish feedforward neural networks among parametric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Sourav Chatterjee , Timothy Sudijono

Rule-based modelers dislike direct enumeration of cases when more efficient means of enumeration are available. We present an extension of the Kappa language which attaches to agents a notion of level. We detail two encodings that are more…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-10 Pierre Boutillier , Ioana Cristescu

In this paper we give a summary of the comparisons between different definitions of so-called (\infty,1)-categories, which are considered to be models for \infty-categories whose n-morphisms are all invertible for n>1. They are also, from…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Julia E. Bergner

This paper provides a full characterization for when the expansion of a complete o-minimal theory by a unary predicate that picks out a divisible dense and codense subgroup has a model companion. This result is motivated by criteria and…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-10-07 Alexi Block Gorman

We introduce a framework for reasoning about what meaning is captured by the neurons in a trained neural network. We provide a strategy for discovering meaning by training a second model (referred to as an observer model) to classify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Eric E. Allen

We introduce a new model of competition on growing networks. This extends the preferential attachment model, with the key property that node choices evolve simultaneously with the network. When a new node joins the network, it chooses…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-05 Tonći Antunović , Elchanan Mossel , Miklos Z. Racz

A series of examples of computational models is provided, where the model aim is to interpret numerical results in terms of internal states of agents minds. Two opposite strategies or research can be distinguished in the literature. First…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-08-26 Krzysztof Kulakowski , Piotr Gronek , Antoni Dydejczyk

We show that every countable cograph has either one or infinitely many siblings. This answers, very partially, a conjecture of Thomass\'e. The main tools are the notion of well quasi ordering and the correspondence between cographs and some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Gena Hahn , Maurice Pouzet , Robert Woodrow

Let M be the ideal of first category subsets of R and non(M)=min{card X: X \subseteq R, X \not\in M}. We consider families \Phi of sequences converging to \infty, with the property that for every open set U \subseteq R that is unbounded…

Logic · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Apoloniusz Tyszka

The nonnegative inverse eigenvalue problem (NIEP) asks which lists of $n$ complex numbers (counting multiplicity) occur as the eigenvalues of some $n$-by-$n$ entry-wise nonnegative matrix. The NIEP has a long history and is a known hard…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-02 Charles R. Johnson , Carlos Marijuán , Pietro Paparella , Miriam Pisonero

We show that the notion of $(\infty,n)$-limit defined using the enriched approach and the one defined using the internal approach coincide. We also give explicit constructions of various double $(\infty,n-1)$-categories implementing various…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Lyne Moser , Martina Rovelli , Nima Rasekh