Related papers: The refractive index of the vacuum and the dark se…
The dark-matter candidates of particle physics invariably possess electromagnetic interactions, if only via quantum fluctuations. Taken en masse, dark matter can thus engender an index of refraction which deviates from its vacuum value. Its…
This work demonstrates the existence of both negative refraction and a negative refractive index in an optical uniaxial absorbent medium that can be characterized by ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices. Negative refraction occurs…
The present paper reanalyzes the problem of the refractive properties of the physical vacuum and their modification under the action of the gravitational field and the electromagnetic field. This problem was studied in our previous works…
The set of realizable refractive indices as a function of frequency is considered. For passive media we give bounds for the refractive index variation in a finite bandwidth. Special attention is given to the loss and index variation in the…
We found strong similarities between the gravitational lensing and the conventional optical lensing. The similarities imply a graded refractive index description of the light deflection in gravitational field. We got a general approach to…
We analyzed the influence of static gravitational field on the vacuum and proposed the concept of inhomogeneous vacuum. According to the observational result of the light deflection in solar gravitational field as well as the corresponding…
We examine the effectiveness of the weak gravity conjecture in constraining the dark energy by comparing with observations. For general dark energy models with plausible phenomenological interactions between dark sectors, we find that…
The concepts of negative refractive index and near-field imaging are explained in the form of a tutorial.
Manipulation of the refractive index has been of growing interest lately. We consider parameters and possibilities of enhancing the absolute-value limit of the linear index in coherent atomic systems. Starting with a review of how two-level…
In recent years a very exciting and intense activity has been devoted to the understanding and construction of materials that enjoy exotic optical properties, such as a negative refractive index. Motivated by these experimental and…
Despite the observational success of the standard model of cosmology, present-day observations do not tightly constrain the nature of dark matter and dark energy and modifications to the theory of general relativity. Here, we will discuss…
In this short note we discuss recent observation of linear correlation on log-log scale between distribution of dark and visible mass in gravitationally bound systems. The coefficient of such correlation appears to be essentially the same…
We show that applying the Lorentz-Lorenz transformation to the refractive index of metals, semiconductors and insulators allows for a less empirical modeling of this refractive index.
We show that the vacuum condensate due to particle mixing is responsible of a dynamically evolving dark energy. In particular, we show that values of the adiabatic index close to -1 for vacuum condensates of neutrinos and quarks imply, at…
Recent cosmological data have provided evidence for a "dark" relativistic background at high statistical significance. Parameterized in terms of the number of relativistic degrees of freedom Neff, however, the current data seems to indicate…
This paper describes the spherical concave mirror method for measuring the index of refraction of transparent liquids. We derived the refractive index equation using Snell's law and the small-angle approximation. We also verified the…
It is assumed that the quantum vacuum may be studied as consisting of two contributions, with positive and negative energy respectively, which interact but slightly and may be displaced from each other. Then it is proposed that dark matter…
An empirical relation based on energy gap and refractive index data has been proposed in the present study to calculate the refractive index of semiconductors. The proposed model is then applied to binary as well as ternary semiconductors…
The dark side of the universe is mysterious and its nature is still unknown. In fact, this poses perhaps as the biggest challenge in the modern cosmology. The two components of the dark sector (dark matter and dark energy) correspond today…
Here I present an overview of recent studies of the phenomenon of negative refraction and left-handed materials. I will discuss some basic questions pertinent to the problem. It is pointed out that the current claims of negative refraction…