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Related papers: Effective Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy

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In 1998 astronomers discovered that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. Somehow, something must have made gravity repulsive on cosmological scales. This something was called dark energy; it is described by Einstein's cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-05 Ulf Leonhardt

The Hubble Constant measured from the anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is shown to be independent of small changes from the standard model of the redshift dependence of dark energy. Modifications of the Friedmann equation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Jeremy Mould

To explain the acceleration of the cosmological expansion researchers have considered an unusual form of mass-energy generically called dark energy. Dark energy has a ratio of pressure over mass density which obeys $w=p/\rho <-1/3$. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-12-19 Max Chaves , Douglas Singleton

The Cosmological Constant Lambda, a concept introduced by Einstein in 1917, has been with us ever since in different variants and incarnations, including the broader concept of Dark Energy. Current observations are consistent with a value…

Popular Physics · Physics 2020-12-30 Ofer Lahav

We use the phase plane analysis technique of Madsen and Ellis to consider a universe with a true cosmological constant as well as a cosmological "constant" that is decaying. Time symmetric dynamics for the inflationary era allows eternally…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 George F. R. Ellis , Emma Platts , David Sloan , Amanda Weltman

The traditional "explanation" for the observed acceleration of the universe is the existence of a positive cosmological constant. However, this can hardly be a truly convincing explanation, as an expanding universe is not expected to have a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Joan Sola

Among the various possibilities to probe the theory behind the recent accelerated expansion of the universe, the energy conditions (ECs) are of particular interest, since it is possible to confront and constrain the many models, including…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-17 M. E. S. Alves , F. C. Carvalho , J. C. N. de Araujo , M. Penna-Lima , S. D. P. Vitenti

It is well-known that in unimodular gravity the cosmological constant is not sourced by a constant energy density, but rather appears as some sort of integration constant. In this work we try to flesh this out by studying in some detail a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-11 Enrique Álvarez , Jesús Anero , Irene Sánchez-Ruiz

We present the data-driven reconstruction of gravitational theories and Dark Energy models on cosmological scales. We showcase the power of present cosmological probes at constraining these models and quantify the knowledge of their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Marco Raveri

We address the issue why a cosmological constant (dark energy) possesses a small positive value instead of being zero. Motivated by the cosmic landscape picture, we mimic the dark energy by a scalar field with potential wells and show that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-06 Claus Kiefer , Friedemann Queisser , Alexei A. Starobinsky

One of the main goals of modern cosmology remains to summon up a self consistent policy, able to explain, in the framework of the Einstein's theory, the cosmic speed up and the presence of Dark Matter in the Universe. Accordingly to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Alejandro Aviles , Luca Bonanno , Orlando Luongo , Hernando Quevedo

The Cosmological Constant $\Lambda$, in different incarnations, has been with us for 100 years. Many surveys of dark energy are underway, indicating so far that the data are consistent with a dark energy equation of state of $w=-1$, i.e. a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-04 Ofer Lahav

We suggest a new perspective on the Cosmological Constant Problem by scrutinizing its standard formulation. In classical and quantum mechanics without gravity, there is no definition of the zero point of energy. Furthermore, the Casimir…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-09-25 Denis Bernard , André LeClair

We review the current status of cosmological parameters, dark energy and large-scale structure, from a theoretical and observational perspective. We first present the basic cosmological parameters and discuss how they are measured with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. E. Deustua , R. Caldwell , P. Garnavich , L. Hui , A. Refregier

We explore the extended framework of the generalized quantum mechanics and discuss various aspects of neighborhood in the construction of space in search of origin of cosmological constant. We propose to expand definition of the volume of…

General Physics · Physics 2009-01-09 Aalok Pandya

We consider the growth of cosmological perturbations to the energy density of dark matter during matter domination when dark matter is a scalar field that has undergone Bose-Einstein condensation. We study these inhomogeneities within the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-03 Ben Kain , Hong Y. Ling

The latest Planck results reconfirm the existence of a slight but chronic tension between the best-fit Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and low-redshift observables: power seems to be consistently lacking in the late universe across a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 Martin Kunz , Savvas Nesseris , Ignacy Sawicki

By studying the present cosmological data, particularly on CMB, SNeIA and LSS, we find that the future fate of the universe, for simple linear models of the dark energy equation-of-state, can vary between the extremes of (I) a divergence of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Paul H. Frampton

In this paper, time variable cosmological constant, dubbed {\it age cosmological constant}, is investigated motivated by the fact: any cosmological length scale and time scale can introduce a cosmological constant or vacuum energy density…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-28 Lixin Xu , Jianbo Lu , Wenbo Li

The effect of "dark energy" (i.e. the Lambda-term in Einstein equations) is sought for at the interplanetary scales by comparing the rates of secular increase in the lunar orbit obtained by two different ways: (1) measured immediately by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yu. V. Dumin