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The inertia of a graph $G$ is $\operatorname{In}(G)=(n^+(G),n^0(G),n^-(G))$, where $n^+(G),\, n^0(G),\, n^-(G)$ are the numbers of positive, zero and negative eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G$, respectively, counted with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Hongzhang Chen , Jianxi Li

We initiate a systematic study of eigenvectors of random graphs. Whereas much is known about eigenvalues of graphs and how they reflect properties of the underlying graph, relatively little is known about the corresponding eigenvectors. Our…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-11-02 Yael Dekel , James R. Lee , Nathan Linial

Given a graph G of order n and size m, let s(G)= sum|d(u)-2m/n|, where the sum is taken over all vertices u of G. We investigate upper and lower bounds on eigenvalues of G in terms of s(G).

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

A symmetric matrix $M=(m_{ij}) \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ is said to be associated with an $n$-vertex graph $G=(V,E)$ with vertex set $\{v_1,\ldots,v_n\}$ if, for every $i \neq j$, we have $m_{ij} \neq 0$ if and only if $\{v_i,v_j\}\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Luiz Emilio Allem , Martin Fürer , Carlos Hoppen , Lucas Siviero Sibemberg , Vilmar Trevisan

Suppose $G$ is a connected simple graph with the vertex set $V( G ) = \{ v_1,v_2,\cdots ,v_n \} $. Let $d_G( v_i,v_j ) $ be the least distance between $v_i$ and $v_j$ in $G$. Then the distance matrix of $G$ is $D( G ) =( d_{ij} ) _{n\times…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-28 Xu Chen , Yinfen Zhu , Guoping Wang

This paper addresses the challenge of spectral analysis and structural investigation for graphs that are not distance-regular, where computing the spectrum using standard methods based on equitable and orbit partitions can be complex. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Ali Zafari , Saeid Alikhani

We show that for a sequence of random graphs Brouwer's conjecture holds true with probability tending to one as the number of vertices tends to infinity. Surprisingly, it was found that a similar statement holds true for weighted graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-14 Israel Rocha

In this paper we obtain bounds for the extreme entries of the principal eigenvector of hypergraphs; these bounds are computed using the spectral radius and some classical parameters such as maximum and minimum degrees. We also study…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-20 Kauê Cardoso , Vilmar Trevisan

For bound states of atoms and molecules of $N$ electrons we consider the corresponding $K$-particle reduced density matrices, $\Gamma^{(K)}$, for $1 \le K \le N-1$. Previously, eigenvalue bounds were obtained in the case of $K=1$ and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Peter Hearnshaw

We investigate the distribution of eigenvalues of weighted adjacency matrices from a specific ensemble of random graphs. We distribute $N$ vertices across a fixed number $\kappa$ of components, with asymptotically $\alpha_j \dot N$ vertices…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Valentin Vengerovsky

For a set W of vertices and a vertex v in a graph G, the k-vector r2(v|W) = (aG(v,w1),...,aG(v,wk)) is the adjacency representation of v with respect to W, where W = {w1,...,wk} and aG(x,y) is the minimum of 2 and the distance between the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Mohsen Jannesari

This paper systematically studies the behavior of the leading eigenvectors for independent edge undirected random graphs generated from a general latent position model whose link function is possibly infinite rank and also possibly…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Minh Tang , Joshua R. Cape

We relate asymptotics of Jacobi parameters to asymptotics of the spectral weights near the edges. Typical of our results is that for $a_n\equiv 1$, $b_n =-C n^{-\beta}$ ($0<\beta< \frac23)$, one has $d\mu(x)= w(x) dx$ on $(-2,2)$, and near…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-11-20 Yury Kreimer , Yoram Last , Barry Simon

The motion of a graph is the minimal degree of its full automorphism group. Babai conjectured that the motion of a primitive distance-regular graph on $n$ vertices of diameter greater than two is at least $n/C$ for some universal constant…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-04 László Pyber , Saveliy V. Skresanov

McKay proved that the limiting spectral measures of the ensembles of $d$-regular graphs with $N$ vertices converge to Kesten's measure as $N\to\infty$. In this paper we explore the case of weighted graphs. More precisely, given a large…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-07-01 Leo Goldmakher , Cap Khoury , Steven J. Miller , Kesinee Ninsuwan

Backhausz and Szegedy (2019) demonstrated that the almost eigenvectors of random regular graphs converge to Gaussian waves with variance $0\leq \sigma^2\leq 1$. In this paper, we present an alternative proof of this result for the edge…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Yukun He , Jiaoyang Huang , Horng-Tzer Yau

Let $G$ be a graph with adjacency matrix $A(G)$ and let $D(G)$ be the diagonal matrix of the degrees of $G$. For any real $\alpha\in [0,1]$, Nikiforov \cite{VN1} defined the matrix $A_{\alpha}(G)$ as $$A_{\alpha}(G)=\alpha…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-28 Huiqiu Lin , Jie Xue , Jinlong Shu

We study a nonlinear Neumann-to-Steklov limit generated by a family of interior weights concentrating at the boundary. On a class of admissible possibly irregular domains obtained from the unit ball by trace-compatible Sobolev…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Alexander Menovschikov

If a single particle obeys non-relativistic QM in R^d and has the Hamiltonian H = - Delta + f(r), where f(r)=sum_{i = 1}^{k}a_ir^{q_i}, 2\leq q_i < q_{i+1}, a_i \geq 0$, then the eigenvalues E = E_{n\ell}^{(d)}(\lambda) are given…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Qutaibeh D. Katatbeh , Richard L. Hall , Nasser Saad

Sturm's oscillation theorem states that the n-th eigenfunction of a Sturm-Liouville operator on the interval has n-1 zeros (nodes). This result was generalized for all metric tree graphs and an analogous theorem was proven for discrete tree…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-05 Ram Band