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In this paper, we propose a multilingual query-by-example keyword spotting (KWS) system based on a residual neural network. The model is trained as a classifier on a multilingual keyword dataset extracted from Common Voice sentences and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-20 Paul M. Reuter , Christian Rollwage , Bernd T. Meyer

The Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is a popular similarity measure between time series. The DTW fails to satisfy the triangle inequality and its computation requires quadratic time. Hence, to find closest neighbors quickly, we use bounding…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-01-16 Daniel Lemire

In this work, we consider the problem of pattern matching under the dynamic time warping (DTW) distance motivated by potential applications in the analysis of biological data produced by the third generation sequencing. To measure the DTW…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Garance Gourdel , Anne Driemel , Pierre Peterlongo , Tatiana Starikovskaya

The ubiquity of sequences in many domains enhances significant recent interest in sequence learning, for which a basic problem is how to measure the distance between sequences. Dynamic time warping (DTW) aligns two sequences by nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-06 Zhichen Gong , Huanhuan Chen

The efficacy of self-supervised speech models has been validated, yet the optimal utilization of their representations remains challenging across diverse tasks. In this study, we delve into Acoustic Word Embeddings (AWEs), a fixed-length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Alexandra Saliba , Yuanchao Li , Ramon Sanabria , Catherine Lai

Smart audio devices are gated by an always-on lightweight keyword spotting program to reduce power consumption. It is however challenging to design models that have both high accuracy and low latency for accurate and fast responsiveness.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Bo Zhang , Wenfeng Li , Qingyuan Li , Weiji Zhuang , Xiangxiang Chu , Yujun Wang

Digital processing of speech signal and voice recognition algorithm is very important for fast and accurate automatic voice recognition technology. The voice is a signal of infinite information. A direct analysis and synthesizing the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2010-03-23 Lindasalwa Muda , Mumtaj Begam , I. Elamvazuthi

In this work, we describe a novel method of training an embedding-matching word-level connectionist temporal classification (CTC) automatic speech recognizer (ASR) such that it directly produces word start times and durations, required by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Woojay Jeon

Multivariate time series naturally exist in many fields, like energy, bioinformatics, signal processing, and finance. Most of these applications need to be able to compare these structured data. In this context, dynamic time warping (DTW)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Maria-Irina Nicolae , Éric Gaussier , Amaury Habrard , Marc Sebban

Embedding-based retrieval aims to learn a shared semantic representation space for both queries and items, enabling efficient and effective item retrieval through approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) algorithms. In current industrial…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Han Zhang , Yunjiang Jiang , Mingming Li , Haowei Yuan , Yiming Qiu , Wen-Yun Yang

Recent studies have introduced methods for learning acoustic word embeddings (AWEs)---fixed-size vector representations of words which encode their acoustic features. Despite the widespread use of AWEs in speech processing research, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Yevgen Matusevych , Herman Kamper , Sharon Goldwater

Query-by-example spoken term detection (QbE-STD) searches for matching words or phrases in an audio dataset using a sample spoken query. When annotated data is limited or unavailable, QbE-STD is often done using template matching methods…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-23 Akanksha Singh , Yi-Ping Phoebe Chen , Vipul Arora

A fundamental goal of search engines is to identify, given a query, documents that have relevant text. This is intrinsically difficult because the query and the document may use different vocabulary, or the document may contain query words…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Bhaskar Mitra , Eric Nalisnick , Nick Craswell , Rich Caruana

Speech recognition is a sequence prediction problem. Besides employing various deep learning approaches for framelevel classification, sequence-level discriminative training has been proved to be indispensable to achieve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-20 Zhehuai Chen , Yanmin Qian , Kai Yu

Embedding words in a vector space has gained a lot of attention in recent years. While state-of-the-art methods provide efficient computation of word similarities via a low-dimensional matrix embedding, their motivation is often left…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Shihao Ji , Hyokun Yun , Pinar Yanardag , Shin Matsushima , S. V. N. Vishwanathan

The adoption of advanced deep learning architectures in stuttering detection (SD) tasks is challenging due to the limited size of the available datasets. To this end, this work introduces the application of speech embeddings extracted from…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Shakeel A. Sheikh , Md Sahidullah , Fabrice Hirsch , Slim Ouni

Nowadays, search engine users commonly rely on query suggestions to improve their initial inputs. Current systems are very good at recommending lexical adaptations or spelling corrections to users' queries. However, they often struggle to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Jorge Gabín , M. Eduardo Ares , Javier Parapar

Dense vector representations for sentences made significant progress in recent years as can be seen on sentence similarity tasks. Real-world phrase retrieval applications, on the other hand, still encounter challenges for effective use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Eyal Orbach , Lev Haikin , Nelly David , Avi Faizakof

Our objective is video retrieval based on natural language queries. In addition, we consider the analogous problem of retrieving sentences or generating descriptions given an input video. Recent work has addressed the problem by embedding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Mayu Otani , Yuta Nakashima , Esa Rahtu , Janne Heikkilä , Naokazu Yokoya

Acoustic word embeddings (AWEs) are fixed-dimensional vector representations of speech segments that encode phonetic content so that different realisations of the same word have similar embeddings. In this paper we explore semantic AWE…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 Christiaan Jacobs , Herman Kamper