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Thermal fluctuations in non-equilibrium steady states generically lead to power law decay of correlations for conserved quantities. Embedded bodies which constrain fluctuations in turn experience fluctuation induced forces. We compute these…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-01-07 Avi Aminov , Yariv Kafri , Mehran Kardar

Macroscopic nonextensive thermodynamics is studied without recourse to microscopic statistical mechanics. It is shown that if entropy is nonextensive, the concept of physical temperature introduced through the generalized zeroth law of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sumiyoshi Abe

Steady nonequilibria dissipate energy and, when changing external parameters, an extra or excess heat accompanies the relaxation to the new nonequilibrium condition. For nonequilibrium systems in contact with a thermal bath, the heat…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-22 Lander Bogers , Faezeh Khodabandehlou , Christian Maes

We demonstrate that the Gibbs-Shannon entropy is applicable to non-equilibrium systems of any size and boundary conditions. The change in microscopic entropy can be attributed to the stochastic nature of dynamic processes and to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-13 Jianzhong Wu

Active colloids constitute a novel class of materials composed of colloidal-scale particles locally converting chemical energy into motility, mimicking micro-organisms. Evolving far from equilibrium, these systems display structural…

Fluctuations of the excess heat in an out of equilibrium steady state are experimentally investigated in two stochastic systems : an electric circuit with an imposed mean current and a harmonic oscillator driven out of equilibrium by a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sylvain Joubaud , Nicolas Garnier , Sergio Ciliberto

A formal analogy of fluctuating diffusivity to thermodynamics is discussed for messenger RNA molecules fluorescently fused to a protein in living cells. Regarding the average value of the fluctuating diffusivity of such RNA-protein…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-17 Yuichi Itto

While techniques to compute thermal fluctuation induced, or pseudo-Casimir, forces in equilibrium systems are well established, the same is not true for non-equilibrium cases. We present a general formalism that allows us to unambiguously…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-10 David S. Dean , Ajay Gopinathan

We present a fluctuation relation for heat dissipation in a nonequilibrium system. A nonequilibrium work is known to obey the fluctuation theorem in any time interval $t$. A heat, which differs from a work by an energy change, is shown to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-06-19 Jae Dong Noh , Jong-Min Park

Active Brownian engines rectify energy from reservoirs composed of self-propelling non-equilibrium molecules into work. We consider a class of such engines based on an underdamped Brownian particle trapped in a power-law potential. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-04 Viktor Holubec , Rahul Marathe

Active particles have become a subject of intense interest across several disciplines from animal behavior to granular physics. Usually the models of such particles contain an explicit internal driving. Here we propose a model with implicit…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-10-23 Reinaldo García-García , Pierre Collet , Lev Truskinovsky

We introduce axiomatically a complete thermodynamic formalism for a single macromolecule, either with or without detailed balance, in an isothermal ambient fluid based on its stochastic dynamics. With detailed balance, the novel theory…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hong Qian

One of the major challenges in stochastic thermodynamics is to compute the distributions of stochastic observables for small-scale systems for which fluctuations play a significant role. Hitherto much theoretical and experimental research…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-08 Deepak Gupta , David A. Sivak

The concept of entropy has been pivotal in the formulation of thermodynamics. For systems driven away from thermal equilibrium, a comparable role is played by entropy production and dissipation. Here we provide a comprehensive picture how…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-15 Robin Bebon , Joshua F. Robinson , Thomas Speck

We consider a model of active Brownian particles with velocity-alignment in two spatial dimensions with passive and active fluctuations. Hereby, active fluctuations refers to purely non-equilibrium stochastic forces correlated with the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-02 Robert Grossmann , Lutz Schimansky-Geier , Pawel Romanczuk

Heat fluctuations are studied in a dissipative system with both mechanical and stochastic components for a simple model: a Brownian particle dragged through water by a moving potential. An extended stationary state fluctuation theorem is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. van Zon , E. G. D. Cohen

Fluctuating entropy production is studied for a set of linearly coupled complex fields. The general result is applied to non-equilibrium fluctuating hydrodynamic equations for coarse-grained fields (density, temperature and velocity), in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-07-09 Giacomo Gradenigo , Andrea Puglisi , Alessandro Sarracino

We present some novel thermodynamic ideas based on the Maupertuis principle. By considering Hamiltonians written in terms of appropriate action-angle variables we show that thermal states can be characterized by the action variables and by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-04-15 V. Garcia-Morales , J. Pellicer , J. A. Manzanares

We revisit the model of a Brownian particle in a heat bath submitted to an actively controlled force proportional to the velocity that leads to thermal noise reduction (cold damping). We investigate the influence of the continuous feedback…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-04 T. Munakata , M. L. Rosinberg

We study analytically the probability distribution of the heat released by an ensemble of harmonic oscillators to the thermal bath, in the nonequilibrium relaxation process following a temperature quench. We focus on the asymmetry…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-05-29 A. Crisanti , A. Sarracino , M. Zannetti