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We prove two homotopy decomposition theorems for the loops on co-H-spaces, including a generalization of the Hilton-Milnor Theorem. These are applied to problems arising in algebra, representation theory, toric topology, and the study of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2010-11-08 Jelena Grbic , Stephen Theriault , Jie Wu

We propose a generalization of tropical curves by dropping the rationality and integrality requirements while preserving the balancing condition. An interpretation of such curves as critical points of a certain quadratic functional allows…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-12-04 Sergei Lanzat , Michael Polyak

Polynomial system solving has seen major progress in both theory and practice over the past decade. A landmark achievement was addressing Smale's 17th problem, establishing average-case polynomial-time algorithms for computing approximate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Abigail R. Jones , Kisun Lee , Jose Israel Rodriguez

With the goal of obtaining strong relaxations for binary polynomial optimization problems, we introduce the pseudo-Boolean polytope defined as the convex hull of the set of binary points satisfying a collection of equations containing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Alberto Del Pia , Aida Khajavirad

A subgroup H of a reductive group G is horospherical if it contains a maximal unipotent subgroup. We describe the Grothendieck semigroup of invariant subspaces of regular functions on G/H as a semigroup of convex polytopes. From this we…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-07-27 Kiumars Kaveh , A. G. Khovanskii

For systems of polynomial equations, we study the problem of computing the Newton polytope of their eliminants. As was shown by Esterov and Khovanskii, such Newton polytopes are mixed fiber polytopes of the Newton polytopes of the input…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Rafael Mohr , Yulia Mukhina

In this paper we further develop the theory of geometric tropicalization due to Hacking, Keel and Tevelev and we describe tropical methods for implicitization of surfaces. More precisely, we enrich this theory with a combinatorial formula…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Maria Angelica Cueto

A hypergeometric type equation satisfying certain conditions defines either a finite or an infinite system of orthogonal polynomials. We present in a unified and explicit way all these systems of orthogonal polynomials, the associated…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nicolae Cotfas

Polynomials in a category have been studied as a generalization of the traditional notion in mathematics. Their construction has recently been extended to higher groupoids, as formalized in homotopy type theory, by Finster, Mimram, Lucas…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-18 Elies Harington , Samuel Mimram

Multi-homogeneous polynomial systems arise in many applications. We provide bit complexity estimates for solving them which, up to a few extra other factors, are quadratic in the number of solutions and linear in the height of the input…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Mohab Safey El Din , Eric Schost

Arithmetic combinatorics is often concerned with the problem of bounding the behaviour of arbitrary finite sets in a group or ring with respect to arithmetic operations such as addition or multiplication. Similarly, combinatorial geometry…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-01 Terence Tao

We introduce a tropical geometric framework that allows us to define $\psi$ classes for moduli spaces of tropical curves of arbitrary genus. We prove correspondence theorems between algebraic and tropical $\psi$ classes for some…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Renzo Cavalieri , Andreas Gross , Hannah Markwig

We describe, for the first time, a completely rigorous homotopy (path--following) algorithm (in the Turing machine model) to find approximate zeros of systems of polynomial equations. If the coordinates of the input systems and the initial…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-10-31 Carlos Beltrán , Anton Leykin

We apply tropical geometry to study matrix algebras over a field with valuation. Using the shapes of min-max convexity, known as polytropes, we revisit the graduated orders introduced by Plesken and Zassenhaus. These are classified by the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-23 Yassine El Maazouz , Marvin Anas Hahn , Gabriele Nebe , Mima Stanojkovski , Bernd Sturmfels

Starting from the Rodrigues representation of polynomial solutions of the general hypergeometric-type differential equation complementary polynomials are constructed using a natural method. Among the key results is a generating function in…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-06-21 H. J. Weber

Galois/monodromy groups attached to parametric systems of polynomial equations provide a method for detecting the existence of symmetries in solution sets. Beyond the question of existence, one would like to compute formulas for these…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Timothy Duff , Viktor Korotynskiy , Tomas Pajdla , Margaret Regan

The homotopy continuation method has been widely used in solving parametric systems of nonlinear equations. But it can be very expensive and inefficient due to singularities during the tracking even though both start and end points are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Wenrui Hao , Chunyue Zheng

We develop a tropical analogue of the classical double description method allowing one to compute an internal representation (in terms of vertices) of a polyhedron defined externally (by inequalities). The heart of the tropical algorithm is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2011-12-30 Xavier Allamigeon , Stephane Gaubert , Eric Goubault

This paper supplements [17], showing that categorically the layered theory is the same as the theory of ordered monoids (e.g. the max-plus algebra) used in tropical mathematics. A layered theory is developed in the context of categories,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Zur Izhakian , Manfred Knebusch , Louis Rowen

Numerical nonlinear algebra is a computational paradigm that uses numerical analysis to study polynomial equations. Its origins were methods to solve systems of polynomial equations based on the classical theorem of B\'ezout. This was…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-03-08 Daniel J. Bates , Paul Breiding , Tianran Chen , Jonathan D. Hauenstein , Anton Leykin , Frank Sottile