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Modern end-to-end speech recognition models show astonishing results in transcribing audio signals into written text. However, conventional data feeding pipelines may be sub-optimal for low-resource speech recognition, which still remains a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-21 Anastasia Kuznetsova , Anurag Kumar , Jennifer Drexler Fox , Francis Tyers

In recent years, end-to-end (E2E) based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have achieved great success due to their simplicity and promising performance. Neural Transducer based models are increasingly popular in streaming E2E based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Xie Chen , Zhong Meng , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Jinyu Li

Language models play a central role in automatic speech recognition (ASR), yet most methods rely on text-only models unaware of ASR error patterns. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been applied to ASR correction, but introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zijin Gu , Tatiana Likhomanenko , He Bai , Erik McDermott , Ronan Collobert , Navdeep Jaitly

Streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR) aims to emit each hypothesized word as quickly and accurately as possible. However, emitting fast without degrading quality, as measured by word error rate (WER), is highly challenging. Existing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-05 Jiahui Yu , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Bo Li , Shuo-yiin Chang , Tara N. Sainath , Yanzhang He , Arun Narayanan , Wei Han , Anmol Gulati , Yonghui Wu , Ruoming Pang

Measuring automatic speech recognition (ASR) system quality is critical for creating user-satisfying voice-driven applications. Word Error Rate (WER) has been traditionally used to evaluate ASR system quality; however, it sometimes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Suyoun Kim , Duc Le , Weiyi Zheng , Tarun Singh , Abhinav Arora , Xiaoyu Zhai , Christian Fuegen , Ozlem Kalinli , Michael L. Seltzer

The word error rate (WER) of an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system increases when a mismatch occurs between the training and the testing conditions due to the noise, etc. In this case, the acoustic information can be less reliable.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Dominique Fohr , Irina Illina

Speech emotion recognition (SER) systems find applications in various fields such as healthcare, education, and security and defense. A major drawback of these systems is their lack of generalization across different conditions. This…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-15 Srinivas Parthasarathy , Carlos Busso

While integrating speech encoder with LLM requires substantial data and resources, use cases face limitations due to insufficient availability. To address this, we propose a solution with a parameter-efficient adapter that converts speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jaekwon Yoo , Kunal Chandiramani , Divya Tadimeti , Abenezer Girma , Chandra Dhir

This paper proposes an unsupervised data selection method by using a submodular function based on contrastive loss ratios of target and training data sets. A model using a contrastive loss function is trained on both sets. Then the ratio of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-26 Chanho Park , Rehan Ahmad , Thomas Hain

Recent research on word-level confidence estimation for speech recognition systems has primarily focused on lightweight models known as Confidence Estimation Modules (CEMs), which rely on hand-engineered features derived from Automatic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-20 Vaibhav Aggarwal , Shabari S Nair , Yash Verma , Yash Jogi

In this paper, we propose an efficient simulation method based on adaptive importance sampling, which can automatically find the optimal proposal within the Gaussian family based on previous samples, to evaluate the probability of bit error…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-08 Xiongwen Ke , Houying Zhu , Kai Yi , Gaoning He , Ganghua Yang , Yu Guang Wang

Source separation can improve automatic speech recognition (ASR) under multi-party meeting scenarios by extracting single-speaker signals from overlapped speech. Despite the success of self-supervised learning models in single-channel…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-04 Yuang Li , Xianrui Zheng , Philip C. Woodland

In this paper, we propose a three-stage training methodology to improve the speech recognition accuracy of low-resource languages. We explore and propose an effective combination of techniques such as transfer learning, encoder freezing,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-22 Jiyeon Kim , Mehul Kumar , Dhananjaya Gowda , Abhinav Garg , Chanwoo Kim

In this work, three lattice-free (LF) discriminative training criteria for purely sequence-trained neural network acoustic models are compared on LVCSR tasks, namely maximum mutual information (MMI), boosted maximum mutual information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Chao Weng , Dong Yu

Reverberation negatively impacts the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Prior work on quantifying the effect of reverberation has shown that clarity (C50), a parameter that can be estimated from the acoustic impulse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-17 Hannes Gamper , Dimitra Emmanouilidou , Sebastian Braun , Ivan J. Tashev

Multilingual pretraining for transfer learning significantly boosts the robustness of low-resource monolingual ASR models. This study systematically investigates three main aspects: (a) the impact of transfer learning on model performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Laxmi Pandey , Ke Li , Jinxi Guo , Debjyoti Paul , Arthur Guo , Jay Mahadeokar , Xuedong Zhang

Varying data augmentation policies and regularization over the course of optimization has led to performance improvements over using fixed values. We show that population based training is a useful tool to continuously search those…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Daniel Haziza , Jérémy Rapin , Gabriel Synnaeve

We employ a combination of recent developments in semi-supervised learning for automatic speech recognition to obtain state-of-the-art results on LibriSpeech utilizing the unlabeled audio of the Libri-Light dataset. More precisely, we carry…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-22 Yu Zhang , James Qin , Daniel S. Park , Wei Han , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Ruoming Pang , Quoc V. Le , Yonghui Wu

Recent speech enhancement (SE) models increasingly leverage self-supervised learning (SSL) representations for their rich semantic information. Typically, intermediate features are aggregated into a single representation via a lightweight…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Seungu Han , Sungho Lee , Kyogu Lee

Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) decoding is a text generation technique that has been shown to improve the quality of machine translations, but is expensive, even if a sampling-based approximation is used. Besides requiring a large number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jannis Vamvas , Rico Sennrich