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Related papers: Are Saddles Good Enough for Deep Learning?

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Linear networks provide valuable insights into the workings of neural networks in general. This paper identifies conditions under which the gradient flow provably trains a linear network, in spite of the non-strict saddle points present in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Armin Eftekhari

We study deep neural networks and their use in semiparametric inference. We establish novel rates of convergence for deep feedforward neural nets. Our new rates are sufficiently fast (in some cases minimax optimal) to allow us to establish…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-01-20 Max H. Farrell , Tengyuan Liang , Sanjog Misra

Neural networks have been very successful in many applications; we often, however, lack a theoretical understanding of what the neural networks are actually learning. This problem emerges when trying to generalise to new data sets. The…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Matthew Thorpe , Yves van Gennip

Randomly initialized first-order optimization algorithms are the method of choice for solving many high-dimensional nonconvex problems in machine learning, yet general theoretical guarantees cannot rule out convergence to critical points of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-28 Dar Gilboa , Sam Buchanan , John Wright

During the last decades, many studies have been dedicated to improving the performance of neural networks, for example, the network architectures, initialization, and activation. However, investigating the importance and effects of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Fahad Alrasheedi , Xin Zhong , Pei-Chi Huang

Local search heuristics for non-convex optimizations are popular in applied machine learning. However, in general it is hard to guarantee that such algorithms even converge to a local minimum, due to the existence of complicated saddle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-19 Anima Anandkumar , Rong Ge

The prediction of salient areas in images has been traditionally addressed with hand-crafted features based on neuroscience principles. This paper, however, addresses the problem with a completely data-driven approach by training a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-03 Junting Pan , Kevin McGuinness , Elisa Sayrol , Noel O'Connor , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto

Deep learning has received considerable empirical successes in recent years. However, while many ad hoc tricks have been discovered by practitioners, until recently, there has been a lack of theoretical understanding for tricks invented in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Cong Fang , Hanze Dong , Tong Zhang

This paper shows that a perturbed form of gradient descent converges to a second-order stationary point in a number iterations which depends only poly-logarithmically on dimension (i.e., it is almost "dimension-free"). The convergence rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Chi Jin , Rong Ge , Praneeth Netrapalli , Sham M. Kakade , Michael I. Jordan

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated dominating performance in many fields; since AlexNet, networks used in practice are going wider and deeper. On the theoretical side, a long line of works has been focusing on training neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li , Zhao Song

Deep learning has arguably achieved tremendous success in recent years. In simple words, deep learning uses the composition of many nonlinear functions to model the complex dependency between input features and labels. While neural networks…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-16 Jianqing Fan , Cong Ma , Yiqiao Zhong

Taking inspiration from biological evolution, we explore the idea of "Can deep neural networks evolve naturally over successive generations into highly efficient deep neural networks?" by introducing the notion of synthesizing new highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-08 Mohammad Javad Shafiee , Akshaya Mishra , Alexander Wong

Deep neural networks are highly expressive machine learning models with the ability to interpolate arbitrary datasets. Deep nets are typically optimized via first-order methods and the optimization process crucially depends on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-12 Talha Cihad Gulcu

Neural network optimization remains one of the most consequential yet poorly understood challenges in modern AI research, where improvements in training algorithms can lead to enhanced feature learning in foundation models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ansh Nagwekar

Machine learning methods are commonly used to solve inverse problems, wherein an unknown signal must be estimated from few indirect measurements generated via a known acquisition procedure. In particular, neural networks perform well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hannah Laus , Suzanna Parkinson , Vasileios Charisopoulos , Felix Krahmer , Rebecca Willett

Gradient descent is a popular algorithm in optimization, and its performance in convex settings is mostly well understood. In non-convex settings, it has been shown that gradient descent is able to escape saddle points asymptotically and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Shiliang Zuo

State-of-the-art training algorithms for deep learning models are based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Recently, many variations have been explored: perturbing parameters for better accuracy (such as in Extragradient), limiting SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian U. Stich

Machine learning is making substantial progress in diverse applications. The success is mostly due to advances in deep learning. However, deep learning can make mistakes and its generalization abilities to new tasks are questionable. We ask…

We analyze stochastic gradient descent for optimizing non-convex functions. In many cases for non-convex functions the goal is to find a reasonable local minimum, and the main concern is that gradient updates are trapped in saddle points.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-10 Rong Ge , Furong Huang , Chi Jin , Yang Yuan

The dynamics of Deep Linear Networks (DLNs) is dramatically affected by the variance $\sigma^2$ of the parameters at initialization $\theta_0$. For DLNs of width $w$, we show a phase transition w.r.t. the scaling $\gamma$ of the variance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-01 Arthur Jacot , François Ged , Berfin Şimşek , Clément Hongler , Franck Gabriel