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The paper presents a constructive fixpoint semantics for autoepistemic logic (AEL). This fixpoint characterizes a unique but possibly three-valued belief set of an autoepistemic theory. It may be three-valued in the sense that for a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 M. Denecker , V. Marek , M. Truszczynski

We introduce a new variant of dependence logic called Boolean dependence logic. In Boolean dependence logic dependence atoms are of the type =(x_1,...,x_n,\alpha), where \alpha is a Boolean variable. Intuitively, with Boolean dependence…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-06-30 Johannes Ebbing , Lauri Hella , Peter Lohmann , Jonni Virtema

In this work, we present a new planning formalism called Expectation-Aware planning for decision making with humans in the loop where the human's expectations about an agent may differ from the agent's own model. We show how this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Sarath Sreedharan , Tathagata Chakraborti , Christian Muise , Subbarao Kambhampati

Complete axiomatizations and exponential-time decision procedures are provided for reasoning about knowledge and common knowledge when there are infinitely many agents. The results show that reasoning about knowledge and common knowledge…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Richard A. Shore

Epistemic Logic Programs (ELPs), extend Answer Set Programming (ASP) with epistemic operators. The semantics of such programs is provided in terms of world views, which are sets of belief sets, i.e., syntactically, sets of sets of atoms.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Stefania Costantini , Andrea Formisano

Levesque introduced the notion of only-knowing to precisely capture the beliefs of a knowledge base. He also showed how only-knowing can be used to formalize non-monotonic behavior within a monotonic logic. Despite its appeal, all attempts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-10-01 Vaishak Belle , Gerhard Lakemeyer

Evidence-based reasoning is at the core of many problem-solving and decision-making tasks in a wide variety of domains. Generalizing from the research and development of cognitive agents in several such domains, this paper presents progress…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Gheorghe Tecuci , Dorin Marcu , Mihai Boicu , Steven Meckl , Chirag Uttamsingh

Strategy Logic (SL) is a very expressive logic for specifying and verifying properties of multi-agent systems: in SL, one can quantify over strategies, assign them to agents, and express properties of the resulting plays. Such a powerful…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Patrick Gardy , Patricia Bouyer , Nicolas Markey

An open problem in artificial intelligence is how to learn and represent knowledge that is sufficient for a general agent that needs to solve multiple tasks in a given world. In this work we propose world value functions (WVFs), which are a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Geraud Nangue Tasse , Steven James , Benjamin Rosman

The paper proposes to treat agent awareness as a form of knowledge, breaking the tradition in the existing literature on awareness. It distinguishes the de re and de dicto forms of such knowledge. The work introduces two modalities…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Pavel Naumov , Alexandra Pavlova

Forgetting as a knowledge management operation deliberately ignores parts of the knowledge and beliefs of an agent, for various reasons. Forgetting has many facets, one may want to forget parts of the syntax, a proposition, or a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Christoph Beierle , Alexander Hahn , Diana Howey , Gabriele Kern-Isberner , Kai Sauerwald

We propose a new formalization of legal competences, and in particular for the Hohfeldian categories of power and immunity, through a deontic reinterpretation of dynamic epistemic logic. We argue that this logic explicitly captures the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Huimin Dong , Olivier Roy

The early literature on epistemic logic in philosophy focused on reasoning about the knowledge or belief of a single agent, especially on controversies about "introspection axioms" such as the 4 and 5 axioms. By contrast, the later…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Yifeng Ding , Wesley H. Holliday , Cedegao Zhang

Defeasible logics provide several linguistic features to support the expression of defeasible knowledge. There is also a wide variety of such logics, expressing different intuitions about defeasible reasoning. However, the logics can only…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Guido Governatori , Michael J. Maher

When designing agents for operation in uncertain environments, designers need tools to automatically reason about what agents ought to do, how that conflicts with what is actually happening, and how a policy might be modified to remove the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Colin Shea-Blymyer , Houssam Abbas

We propose a multi-agent logic of knowledge, public and arbitrary announcements, that is interpreted on topological spaces in the style of subset space semantics. The arbitrary announcement modality functions similarly to the effort…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-06-27 Hans van Ditmarsch , Sophia Knight , Aybüke Özgün

Epistemic reasoning requires agents to infer the state of the world from partial observations and information about other agents' knowledge. Prior work evaluating LLMs on canonical epistemic puzzles interpreted their behavior through a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Adi Gabay , Gabriel Stanovsky , Liat Peterfreund

The essential variables in a finite function $f$ are defined as variables which occur in $f$ and weigh with the values of that function. The number of essential variables is an important measure of complexity for discrete functions. When…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-01-05 Sl. Shtrakov , I. Damyanov

Generative AI agents equate understanding with resolving explicit queries, an assumption that confines interaction to what users can articulate. This assumption breaks down when users themselves lack awareness of what is missing, risky, or…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Kirandeep Kaur , Xingda Lyu , Chirag Shah

We propose a new definition of the representation theorem for many-valued logics, with modal operators as well, and define the stronger relationship between algebraic models of a given logic and relational structures used to define the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-03-02 Zoran Majkic