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Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are commonly used for their versatility in sampling from complicated probability distributions. However, as the dimension of the distribution gets larger, the computational costs for a satisfactory…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-01 Hector J. Hortua , Riccardo Volpi , Dimitri Marinelli , Luigi Malago

The advances in materials and biological sciences have necessitated the use of molecular simulations to study polymers. The Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations enable the sampling of relevant microstates of polymeric systems by traversing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-24 Monika Angwani , Tushar Mahendrakar , Kaustubh Rane

This review outlines concepts of mathematical statistics, elements of probability theory, hypothesis tests and point estimation for use in the analysis of modern astronomical data. Least squares, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-10 Eric D. Feigelson , G. Jogesh Babu

Tensors, also known as multidimensional arrays, are useful data structures in machine learning and statistics. In recent years, Bayesian methods have emerged as a popular direction for analyzing tensor-valued data since they provide a…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-02 Yiyao Shi , Weining Shen

We describe work in progress by a collaboration of astronomers and statisticians developing a suite of Bayesian data analysis tools for extrasolar planet (exoplanet) detection, planetary orbit estimation, and adaptive scheduling of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-11 Thomas J. Loredo , James O. Berger , David F. Chernoff , Merlise A. Clyde , Bin Liu

Markov chains are a natural and well understood tool for describing one-dimensional patterns in time or space. We show how to infer $k$-th order Markov chains, for arbitrary $k$, from finite data by applying Bayesian methods to both…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-11-13 Christopher C. Strelioff , James P. Crutchfield , Alfred W. Hubler

Boson sampling is a promising candidate for quantum supremacy. It requires to sample from a complicated distribution, and is trusted to be intractable on classical computers. Among the various classical sampling methods, the Markov chain…

Many applications in signal processing require the estimation of some parameters of interest given a set of observed data. More specifically, Bayesian inference needs the computation of {\it a-posteriori} estimators which are often…

Computation · Statistics 2022-01-21 Luca Martino

The Bayesian approach to data analysis provides a powerful way to handle uncertainty in all observations, model parameters, and model structure using probability theory. Probabilistic programming languages make it easier to specify and fit…

The rapid development of computing power and efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation algorithms have revolutionized Bayesian statistics, making it a highly practical inference method in applied work. However, MCMC algorithms…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-21 Matias Quiroz , Mattias Villani , Robert Kohn , Minh-Ngoc Tran , Khue-Dung Dang

Bayesian models are a powerful tool for studying complex data, allowing the analyst to encode rich hierarchical dependencies and leverage prior information. Most importantly, they facilitate a complete characterization of uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-25 Steven Winter , Trevor Campbell , Lizhen Lin , Sanvesh Srivastava , David B. Dunson

Motivated by a challenging problem in financial trading we are presented with a mixture of regressions with variable selection problem. In this regard, one is faced with data which possess outliers, skewness and, simultaneously, due to the…

Applications · Statistics 2012-05-23 Alberto Cozzini , Ajay Jasra , Giovanni Montana

This paper introduces methodology for performing Bayesian inference sequentially on a sequence of posteriors on spaces of different dimensions. We show how this may be achieved through the use of sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) samplers (Del…

Computation · Statistics 2020-06-02 Richard G Everitt , Richard Culliford , Felipe Medina-Aguayo , Daniel J Wilson

We consider the analysis of sets of categorical sequences consisting of piecewise homogeneous Markov segments. The sequences are assumed to be governed by a common underlying process with segments occurring in the same order for each…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-04-08 Petter Arnesen , Tracy Holsclaw , Padhraic Smyth

Determining the physical characteristics of a star is an inverse problem consisting in estimating the parameters of models for the stellar structure and evolution, knowing certain observable quantities. We use a Bayesian approach to solve…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 M. Bazot , S. Bourguignon , J. Christensen-Dalsgaard

In this paper we consider fully Bayesian inference in general state space models. Existing particle Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms use an augmented model that takes into account all the variable sampled in a sequential Monte…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-31 Christopher K. Carter , Eduardo F. Mendes , Robert Kohn

Uncertainty of decisions in safety-critical engineering applications can be estimated on the basis of the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique of averaging over decision models. The use of decision tree (DT) models assists…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-12-03 Vitaly Schetinin , Jonathan Fieldsend , Derek Partridge , Wojtek Krzanowski , Richard Everson , Trevor Bailey , Adolfo Hernandez

We introduce an efficient numerical implementation of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to sample a probability distribution on a manifold (introduced theoretically in Zappa, Holmes-Cerfon, Goodman (2018)), where the manifold is defined by…

Computation · Statistics 2023-08-22 Kerun Xu , Miranda Holmes-Cerfon

In machine learning and statistics, probabilistic inference involving multimodal distributions is quite difficult. This is especially true in high dimensional problems, where most existing algorithms cannot easily move from one mode to…

Computation · Statistics 2015-06-22 Shiwei Lan , Jeffrey Streets , Babak Shahbaba

Bayesian inference under a set of priors, called robust Bayesian analysis, allows for estimation of parameters within a model and quantification of epistemic uncertainty in quantities of interest by bounded (or imprecise) probability.…

Computation · Statistics 2022-07-15 Ivette Raices Cruz , Johan Lindström , Matthias C. M. Troffaes , Ullrika Sahlin