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We examine Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models in three spacetime dimensions. The matter content of the models is composed of a perfect fluid, with a $\gamma$-law equation of state, and a homogeneous scalar field minimally coupled to gravity…
We propose a new method for obtaining an effective Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmology from the quantum gravity dynamics of group field theory (GFT), based on the idea that an FLRW universe is characterised by a few…
This paper examines the properties of `lattice universes' wherein point masses are arranged in a regular lattice on space-like hypersurfaces; open, flat, and closed universes are considered. The universes are modelled using the…
We apply the technique of standard supersymmetric factorization for any q factor ordering in the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation for barotropic Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) minisuperspace model, including the cosmological term. The…
Whilst the underlying assumption of the Friedman-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmological model is that matter is homogeneously distributed throughout the universe, gravitational influences over the life of the universe have resulted…
A cosmological model based on Kaluza-Klein theory is studied. A metric, in which the scale factor of the compact space evolves as an inverse power of the radius of the observable universe, is constructed. The Freedmann-Robertson-Walker…
The theory of perturbation of Friedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmology is analysed exclusively in terms of observable quantities. Although this can be a very complete and general procedure we limit our presentation here to the case of…
This article presents a simple model that reproduces key concepts of modern cosmology within the framework of special relativity, at a level that is suitable for an undergraduate or high school setting. The model includes cosmic expansion…
Trace-free Einstein gravity, in the absence of matter fields and using the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric, is solvable both classically and quantum mechanically. This is achieved by using the conformal time as the time variable and…
A quantum-field model of the conformally flat space is formulated using a standard field-theoretical technique, a probability interpretation and a way to establish the classical limit. The starting point is the following: after conformal…
The interpretation of cosmological observations relies on a notion of an average Universe, which is usually considered as the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model. However, inhomogeneities may…
We investigate the cosmological consequences of the modified Friedmann equations when the entropy associated with the apparent horizon, given by Barrow entropy, $S\sim A^{1+\delta/2}$, where $0\leq\delta\leq1$, represents the amount of the…
We quantize three Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models in the presence of a negative cosmological constant and radiation. The models differ from each other by the constant curvature of the spatial sections, which may be positive, negative or…
The Robertson-Walker (RW) metric allows us to apply general relativity to model the behavior of the Universe as a whole (i.e., cosmology). We can properly interpret various cosmological observations, like the cosmological redshift, the…
According to general relativity, the frequency of electromagnetic radiation is altered by the expansion of the universe. This effect--commonly referred to as the cosmological redshift--is of utmost importance for observations in cosmology.…
We analyze the quantum supersymmetric cosmological FRW model with a scalar field, with a conditional probability density and the scalar field identified as time. The Hilbert space has a spinorial structure and there is only one consistent…
We review observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales. Redshift and peculiar velocity surveys, radio sources, the X-Ray Background, the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest and the Cosmic Microwave Background are used to set…
We find that a uniform scaling of the gravitational free-fall rates and photon-electron scattering rate leaves most dimensionless cosmological observables nearly invariant. This result opens up a new approach to reconciling cosmic microwave…
The cosmological polytope and bootstrap programs have revealed interesting connections between positive geometries, modern on-shell methods and bootstrap principles studied in the amplitudes community with the wavefunction of the Universe…
Most cosmological models studied today are based on the assumption of homogeneity and isotropy. Observationally one can find evidence that supports these assumptions on very large scales, the strongest being the almost isotropy of the…