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Designing a deterministic polynomial time algorithm for factoring univariate polynomials over finite fields remains a notorious open problem. In this paper, we present an unconditional deterministic algorithm that takes as input an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Daniel Altman

We classify Frobenius forms, a special class of homogeneous polynomials in characteristic $p>0$, in up to five variables over an algebraically closed field. We also point out some of the similarities with quadratic forms.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-05-17 Zhibek Kadyrsizova , Janet Page , Jyoti Singh , Karen E. Smith , Adela Vraciu , Emily E. Witt

We speculate on the distribution of primes in exponentially growing, linear recurrence sequences $(u_n)_{n\geq 0}$ in the integers. By tweaking a heuristic which is successfully used to predict the number of prime values of polynomials, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Jon Grantham , Andrew Granville

This is a survey article on the Hardy-Littlewood conjecture about primes in quadratic progressions. We recount the history and quote some results approximating this hitherto unresolved conjecture.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-08-13 Stephan Baier , Liangyi Zhao

n this paper, we state several conjectures regarding distribution of primes and of pairs of primes represented by irreducible homogeneous polynomial in two variables $f(a,b)$. We formulate conjectures with respect to the slope $t=b/a$ for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-29 Ivan Horozov , Nickola Horozov , Zouberou Sayibou

We extend to arbitrarily coupled pairs of qubits (two-state quantum systems) and qutrits (three-state quantum systems) our earlier study (quant-ph/0207181), which was concerned with the simplest instance of entangled quantum systems, pairs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Paul B. Slater

We survey results produced from the interaction between methods in prime characteristic and combinatorial commutative algebra. We showcase results for edge ideals, toric varieties, Stanley-Reisner rings, and initial ideals that were proven…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-03-21 Alessandro De Stefani , Jonathan Montaño , Luis Núñez-Betancourt

Many approaches for conducting Bayesian inference on discretely observed diffusions involve imputing diffusion bridges between observations. This can be computationally challenging in settings in which the temporal horizon between…

Computation · Statistics 2022-04-07 Marcin Mider , Paul A. Jenkins , Murray Pollock , Gareth O. Roberts

Primality testing is an especially useful topic for public-key cryptography. In this paper, a novel primality test algorithm based on the Pell's cubic will be introduced, and its necessary primality conditions will be proved using three…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Luca Di Domenico , Nadir Murru

For a pair of distinct non-CM newforms of weights at least 2, having rational integral Fourier coefficients $a_{1}(n)$ and $a_{2}(n)$, under GRH, we obtain an estimate for the set of primes $p$ such that $$ \omega(a_1(p)-a_2(p)) \le […

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-20 Arvind Kumar , Moni Kumari

A single parameter cubic composite test for odd positive integers is given which relies on the discriminant always being a square integer. This test has no known counterexample despite extensive verifications. As well as a comparison with…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Pierre Laurent , Paul Underwood

We give algorithms to compute isomorphism classes of ordinary abelian varieties defined over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ whose characteristic polynomial (of Frobenius) is square-free and of abelian varieties defined over the prime field…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-01-19 Stefano Marseglia

We consider the problem of determining whether a given prime p is a congruent number. We present an easily computed criterion that allows us to conclude that certain primes for which congruency was previously undecided, are in fact not…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-04-30 Nils Bruin , Brett Hemenway

We numerically study quantum adiabatic algorithm for the propositional satisfiability. A new class of previously unknown hard instances is identified among random problems. We numerically find that the running time for such instances grows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Marko Znidaric

This work proposes elementary proofs of several related primes counting problems, based on an elementary weighted sieve. The subsets of primes considered here are the followings: the subset of twin primes PT = {p and p + 2 are primes}, the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-08-29 N. A. Carella

This paper concerns the convergence of an iterative scheme for 2D stochastic primitive equations on a bounded domain. The stochastic system is split into two equations: a deterministic 2D primitive equations with random initial value and a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-09 Xuhui Peng , Rangrang Zhang

We investigate the probability that a random odd composite number passes a random Fermat primality test, improving on earlier estimates in moderate ranges. For example, with random numbers to $2^{200}$, our results improve on prior…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-08 Jared D. Lichtman , Carl Pomerance

In this paper we generalize the result of Fouvry and Iwaniec dealing with prime values of the quadratic form $x^2 + y^2$ with one input restricted to a thin subset of the integers. We prove the same result with an arbitrary primitive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-27 Peter Cho-Ho Lam , Damaris Schindler , Stanley Yao Xiao

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over $\mathbb{Q}$. Let $p$ be a prime of good reduction for $E$. Then, for a prime $p \neq \ell$, the Frobenius automorphism associated to $p$ (unique up to conjugation) acts on the $\ell$-adic Tate module of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-15 Stephan Baier , Vijay M. Patankar

Let $a,b\in \mathbb{N}$ be fixed and coprime such that $a>b$, and let $N$ be any number of the form $a^n\pm b^n$, $n\in\mathbb{N}$. We will generalize a result of Bostan, Gaudry and Schost and prove that we may compute the prime…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-20 Markus Hittmeir