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We propose a finite-time quantum Szilard engine (QSE) with a quantum particle with spin as the working substance (WS) to accelerate the operation of information engines. We introduce a Maxwell's demon (MD) to probe the spin state within a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Tan-Ji Zhou , Yu-Han Ma , C. P. Sun

Leo Szilard pointed out that Maxwell's demon can be replaced by machinery, thereby laying the foundation for understanding the physical nature of information. Szilard's information engine still serves as a canonical example after almost a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-08-31 Susanne Still , Dorian Daimer

A cyclically working quantum mechanical engine that operates at a single temperature is proposed. Its energy input is delivered by a quantum measurement. The functioning of the engine does not require any feedback control. We analyze work,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-09 Juyeon Yi , Peter Talkner , Yong Woon Kim

We present a critical examination of the difficulties with the quantum versions of a lifted weight that are widely used as work storage systems in quantum thermodynamics. To overcome those difficulties, we turn to the strong connections…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-05 Shang-Yung Wang

Although there is not a complete "proof" of the second law of thermo- dynamics based on microscopic dynamics, two properties of Hamiltonian systems have been used to prove the impossibility of work extraction from a single thermal…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-22 Juan M. R. Parrondo , Léo Granger

In 1929, Leo Szilard invented a feedback protocol in which a hypothetical intelligence called Maxwell's demon pumps heat from an isothermal environment and transduces it to work. After an intense controversy that lasted over eighty years;…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-02-21 Shoichi Toyabe , Takahiro Sagawa , Masahito Ueda , Eiro Muneyuki , Masaki Sano

We introduce a deterministic chaotic system---the Szilard Map---that encapsulates the measurement, control, and erasure protocol by which Maxwellian Demons extract work from a heat reservoir. Implementing the Demon's control function in a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-18 Alexander B. Boyd , James P. Crutchfield

We study the physical mechanism of Maxwell's Demon (MD) helping to do extra work in thermodynamic cycles, by describing measurement of position, insertion of wall and information erasing of MD in a quantum mechanical fashion. The heat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 H. Dong , D. Z. Xu , C. P. Sun

We investigate coupled-qubit-based thermal machines powered by quantum measurements and feedback. We consider two different versions of the machine: 1) a quantum Maxwell's demon where the coupled-qubit system is connected to a detachable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Bibek Bhandari , Robert Czupryniak , Paolo Andrea Erdman , Andrew N. Jordan

In a classic thought experiment, Szilard suggested a heat engine where a single particle, for example an atom or a molecule, is confined in a container coupled to a single heat bath. The container can be separated into two parts by a…

We present a thermodynamic analysis of a quantum engine that uses a single quantum particle as its working fluid, inspired by Szilard's classical single-particle engine. Our design is modeled after the classically-chaotic Szilard Map and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-11 Srinivasa Rao. P

Recently Sagawa and Ueda [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 080403 (2008)] derived a bound on the work that can be extracted from a quantum system with the use of feedback control. They left open the question of whether this bound could be achieved for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-05 Kurt Jacobs

In mathematical physical analyses of Szilard's engine and Maxwell's demon, a general assumption (explicit or implicit) is that one can neglect the energy needed for relocating the piston in Szilard's engine and for driving the trap door in…

General Physics · Physics 2012-06-26 Laszlo B. Kish , Claes G. Granqvist

We introduce an information heat engine that is autonomous (i.e., without any time-dependent parameter) but has separated measurement and feedback processes. This model serves as a bridge between the other types of information heat engines…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-24 Naoto Shiraishi , Sosuke Ito , Kyogo Kawaguchi , Takahiro Sagawa

We discuss the possibility of extracting energy from a single thermal bath using microcanonical Szil\'ard engines operating in finite time. This extends previous works on the topic which are restricted to the quasistatic regime. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-12-27 Thiago V. Acconcia , Marcus V. S. Bonança

We investigate thermodynamics of feedback processes driven by measurement. Regarding system and memory device as a composite system, mutual information as a measure of correlation between the two constituents contributes to the entropy of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-12 Chulan Kwon

In Szilard's engine, measurement and feedback allows to extract work from an equilibrium environment, a process otherwise forbidden by the laws of thermodynamics. Recent theoretical developments have established fluctuation theorems and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 David Barker , Sebastian Lehmann , Kimberly A. Dick , Peter Samuelsson , Ville Maisi , Patrick P. Potts

It has recently been shown that the Jarzynski equality gets modified, when there are experimental errors in computing work. This modified result also holds good in presence of feedback. In this work, we use a simple toy model, that of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-09-05 Sourabh Lahiri , Arun M. Jayannavar

We present a computational model for Szilard's engine and the information discarding process. Taking advantage of a fact that the one is essentially the reversed cycle of the other, we can discuss the both by employing the same model.…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Takahiro Hatano , Shin-ichi Sasa

In the Second Law of Thermodynamics which is a macroscopic physical law that states that in any isolated system, entropy can only increase and order, or organization, can only decrease. This means that in the long run, energy will always…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-11-25 Srinivasa Rao. P