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In the mammalian brain, newly acquired memories depend on the hippocampus for maintenance and recall, but over time the neocortex takes over these functions, rendering memories hippocampus-independent. The process responsible for this…

It is well known that physical phenomena may be of great help in computing some difficult problems efficiently. A typical example is prime factorization that may be solved in polynomial time by exploiting quantum entanglement on a quantum…

DRAM-based main memory and its associated components increasingly account for a significant portion of application performance bottlenecks and power budget demands inside the computing ecosystem. To alleviate the problems of storage density…

Atomic scale simulations are a key element of modern science in that they allow to understand, and even predict, complex physical or chemical phenomena on the basis of the fundamental laws of nature. Among the different existing atomic…

We consider quantum formalism limited by the classical simulating computer with the fixed memory. The memory is redistributed in the course of modeling by the variation of the set of classical states and the accuracy of the representation…

Implementing optical-based memory and utilizing it for computation on the nanoscale remains an attractive but still a challenging task. While significant progress was achieved in nanophotonics, allowing to explore nonlinear optical effects…

Many forms of programmable matter have been proposed for various tasks. We use an abstract model of self-organizing particle systems for programmable matter which could be used for a variety of applications, including smart paint and…

Computational imaging modalities support a simplification of the active architectures required in an imaging system and these approaches have been validated across the electromagnetic spectrum. Recent implementations have utilized…

Memory-centric computing aims to enable computation capability in and near all places where data is generated and stored. As such, it can greatly reduce the large negative performance and energy impact of data access and data movement, by…

Building oscillator based computing systems with emerging nano-device technologies has become a promising solution for unconventional computing tasks like computer vision and pattern recognition. However, simulation and analysis of these…

Quantum computation offers a promising new kind of information processing, where the non-classical features of quantum mechanics can be harnessed and exploited. A number of models of quantum computation exist, including the now well-studied…

We consider a parallel computational model that consists of $P$ processors, each with a fast local ephemeral memory of limited size, and sharing a large persistent memory. The model allows for each processor to fault with bounded…

Multiprocess systems, including grid systems, multiprocessors and multicore computers, incorporate a variety of specialized hardware and software mechanisms, which speed computation, but result in complex memory behavior. As a consequence,…

Probe-based data storage attracted many researchers from academia and industry, resulting in unprecendeted high data-density demonstrations. This topical review gives a comprehensive overview of the main contributions that led to the major…

Framing computation as the transformation of metastable memories, we explore its fundamental thermodynamic limits. The true power of information follows from a novel decomposition of nonequilibrium free energy derived here, which provides a…

In most of the cases, the experimental study of Nanotechnology involves high cost for Laboratory set-up and the experimentation processes were also slow. So, one cannot rely on experimental nanotechnology alone. As such, the Computer-Based…

Processing-in-memory (PIM) is a promising computing paradigm to tackle the "memory wall" challenge. However, PIM system-level benefits over traditional von Neumann architecture can be reduced when the memory array cannot fully store all the…

In-memory computing is a promising alternative to traditional computer designs, as it helps overcome performance limits caused by the separation of memory and processing units. However, many current approaches struggle with unreliable…

We show theoretically that networks of membrane memcapacitive systems -- capacitors with memory made out of membrane materials -- can be used to perform a complete set of logic gates in a massively parallel way by simply changing the…

Memristive technologies are attractive candidates to replace conventional memory technologies, and can also be used to perform logic and arithmetic operations using a technique called 'stateful logic.' Combining data storage and computation…