Related papers: Analyzing Benardete's comment on decimal notation
Formal concepts and closed itemsets proved to be of big importance for knowledge discovery, both as a tool for concise representation of association rules and a tool for clustering and constructing domain taxonomies and ontologies.…
All constructive methods employed in modern mathematics produce only countable sets, even when designed to transcend countability. We show that any constructive argument for uncountability -- excluding diagonalization techniques --…
We introduce a new symbolic representation based on an original generalization of counter abstraction. Unlike classical counter abstraction (used in the analysis of parameterized systems with unordered or unstructured topologies) the new…
In this article, we try to explain and unify standard divisibility tests found in various books. We then look at recurring decimals, and list a few of their properties. We show how to compute the number of digits in the recurring part of…
The paper discusses Peano's argument for preserving familiar notations. The argument reinforces the principle of permanence, articulated in the early 19th century by Peacock, then adjusted by Hankel and adopted by many others. Typically…
The concept of an angle is one that often causes difficulties in metrology. These are partly caused by a confusing mixture of several mathematical terms, partly by real mathematical difficulties and finally by imprecise terminology. The…
Sumterms are introduced as syntactic entities, and sumtuples are introduced as semantic entities. Equipped with these concepts a new description is obtained of the notion of a sum as (the name for) a role which can be played by a number.…
Contrary to popular misconception, the question in the title is far from simple. It involves sets of numbers on the first level, sets of sets of numbers on the second level, and so on, endlessly. The infinite hierarchy of the levels…
We introduce axiomatically a Nonarchimedean field E, called the field of the Euclidean numbers, where a transfinite sum is defined that is indicized by ordinal numbers less than the first inaccessible {\Omega}. Thanks to this sum, E becomes…
We motivate and study an infinite sequence of binary operations on the ordinal numbers, extending the standard arithmetic on the ordinals to higher degrees of iteration. Connections to the hyperoperations on the natural numbers are…
In his remarkable paper Formalism64, Robinson defends his philsophocal position as follows: (i) Any mention of infinite totalities is literally meaningless. (ii) We should act as if infinite totalities really existed. Being the originator…
Conceptual analysis -- proposing definitions and refining them through counterexamples -- is central to philosophical methodology. We study whether language models can perform this task through iterated analysis and repair chains: one model…
While Peano's negative attitude towards infinitesimals, in particular, geometric infinitesimals, is widely documented, his conception of a single infinite cardinality and, more generally, his views on the infinite, are a lot less known. The…
Zeno's paradoxes are explained as being the result of inappropriate combination of discrete and continuous mathematical systems. It is proposed that the source of this confusion lies in the course of development of the number system, which…
Wittgenstein's paradoxical theses that unproved propositions are meaningless, proofs form new concepts and rules, and contradictions are of limited concern, led to a variety of interpretations, most of them centered on the rule-following…
There are infinite processes (matrix products, continued fractions, $(r,s)$-matrix continued fractions, recurrence sequences) which, under certain circumstances, do not converge but instead diverge in a very predictable way. We give a…
One of the "deepest" theorems in mathematics is Endre Szemer\'edi's theorem about the inevitability of arithmetical progressions. Here we try to nibble at it, by doing "finite" analogs. This is already interesting for its own sake, but we…
This is the first of a series of papers in which we study deep computations (ultracomputations) and deep iterates, formalizing the ideas of "asymptotic limit" of computations and compositional iterates, respectively. In this first paper of…
Whatever other beliefs there may remain for considering Cantor's diagonal argument as mathematically legitimate, there are three that, prima facie, lend it an illusory legitimacy; they need to be explicitly discounted appropriately. The…
In his Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason, and Seeking Truth in the Sciences, Rene Descartes sought ``clear and certain knowledge of all that is useful in life.'' Almost three centuries later, in ``The foundations of…