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Ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are versatile quantum sensors with broad applications in the physical and life sciences. The concentration of neutral substitutional nitrogen ([N$_\text{s}^0$]) strongly influences…

Optically addressable ensembles of solid-state defects, such as nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers, are a leading modality for imaging-based magnetometry, thermometry and strain sensing. However, monitoring the fluorescence of individual defects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-20 Nico Deshler , Declan Daly , Ayan Majumder , Kasturi Saha , Saikat Guha

A single spin quantum sensor can quantitatively detect and image fluctuating electromagnetic fields via their effect on the sensor spin's relaxation time, thus revealing important information about the target solid-state or molecular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-25 Zhiran Zhang , Maxime Joos , Dolev Bluvstein , Yuanqi Lyu , Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich

Observations or measurements taken of a quantum system (a small number of fundamental particles) are inherently random. If the state of the system depends on unknown parameters, then the distribution of the outcome depends on these…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Richard D. Gill

Electron and nuclear spins of diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers are good candidates for quantum information processing as they have long coherence time and can be initialized and read out optically. However, creating a large number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-19 Zhujing Xu , Zhang-qi Yin , Qinkai Han , Tongcang Li

Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are atom-scale defects with long spin coherence times that can be used to sense magnetic fields with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. Typically, the magnetic field projection at a single…

Magnetic imaging with ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond is a recently developed technique that allows for quantitative vector field mapping. Here we uncover a source of artefacts in the measured magnetic field in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 J. -P. Tetienne , D. A. Broadway , S. E. Lillie , N. Dontschuk , T. Teraji , L. T. Hall , A. Stacey , D. A. Simpson , L. C. L. Hollenberg

We propose a strategy to measure weak static magnetic fields with nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond. Inspired by avian magnetoreception models, we consider the feasibility of utilizing quantum coherence phenomena to measure weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-17 Lu-Si Li , Hong-Hui Li , Li-Li Zhou , Zhi-Sheng Yang , Qing Ai

We examine the quantum spin state of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond at room temperature as it makes a transition from the orbital ground-state (GS) to the orbital excited-state (ES) during non-resonant optical excitation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 G. D. Fuchs , A. L. Falk , V. V. Dobrovitski , D. D. Awschalom

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a leading modality for magnetic sensing and imaging under ambient conditions. However, these sensors suffer from degraded performance due to paramagnetic impurities and regions of stress in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-22 Connor Roncaioli , Connor Hart , Ronald Walsworth , Donald P. Fahey

We propose and theoretically analyze the use of coherent population trapping of a single diamond nitrogen vacancy (NV) center for continuous real-time sensing. The formation of the dark state in coherent population trapping prevents optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Shu-Hao Wu , Ethan Turner , Hailin Wang

Bayesian inference is a widely used technique for real-time characterization of quantum systems. It excels in experimental characterization in the low data regime, and when the measurements have degrees of freedom. A decisive factor for its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-10 Alexandra Ramôa , Raffaele Santagati , Nathan Wiebe

Bayesian inference is a powerful paradigm for quantum state tomography, treating uncertainty in meaningful and informative ways. Yet the numerical challenges associated with sampling from complex probability distributions hampers Bayesian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-04 Joseph M. Lukens , Kody J. H. Law , Ajay Jasra , Pavel Lougovski

We report an experimental design where the position and resonance frequency of the Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) in a diamond are correlated with the room temperature. A simple model trained on the interpolated correlation data predicts both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Manpreet Singh Jattana , Thomas Lippert

Precise readout of spin states is crucial for any approach towards physical realization of a spin-based quantum computer and for magnetometry with single spins. Here, we report a new method to strongly improve the optical readout fidelity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-01 M. Steiner , P. Neumann , J. Beck , F. Jelezko , J. Wrachtrup

The contactless temperature measurement at micro/nanoscale is vital to a broad range of fields in modern science and technology. The nitrogen vacancy (NV) center, a kind of diamond defect with unique spin-dependent photoluminescence, has…

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is an emerging platform for constructing inertial sensors. Its native nitrogen spin can serve as a gyroscope using Ramsey interferometry protocols. The sensitivities of these nuclear-spin-based NV gyroscopes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-03 Johnathan Kuan , Gregory D. Fuchs

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are reliable single-photon emitters, with applications in quantum technologies and metrology. Two charge states are known for NV centers: NV$^0$ and NV$^-$, with the latter being mostly studied due…

Optics · Physics 2019-12-23 Magdalena Solà-Garcia , Sophie Meuret , Toon Coenen , Albert Polman

Understanding the dynamics of a quantum bit's environment is essential for the realization of practical systems for quantum information processing and metrology. We use single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond to study the dynamics…

Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are at the heart of many emerging quantum technologies, all of which require control over the NV charge state. Hence, methods for quantification of the relative photoluminescence (PL) intensities of…